Chapter 25Organic Review

Hydrocarbon Prefixes:IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixesmethCethC-CpropC-C-CbutC-C-C-CPentC-C-C-C-ChexC-C-C-C-C-CheptC-C-C-C-C-C-CoctC-C-C-C-C-C-C-CnonC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-CdecC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-Cmosquitoseatpeoplesblood meth= 1 eth = 2 prop= 3 but = 4Memory device

carbon4hydrogenmethyltransTrans = opposite sides of double bond.

Chemistry NotesOrganic ReviewName

Identify the word which best completes each of the following sentences.

_______ 1. All organic compounds contain the element _____.

_______ 2. Carbon can bond with a maximum of _____ other atoms.

_______ 3. A substance made up of only _____ and carbon atoms is called a hydrocarbon.

_______ 4. A CH3 group added to a hydrocarbon chain is called a(n) _____ group.

(Example: -CH2CH2CH3 is a propyl group.)

_______ 5. Is the following structure cis or trans?

6. Define an isomer:An isomer is when the same molecular formula has different structural formulas.7. Draw the structural formula for propane.propaneprop- = 3CCCHHHHHHHH8. Draw the structural formula for ethane.ethaneeth- = 2CCHHHHHH

9. Draw the structural formula for octane.octaneoct- = 8CCCCCCCC

10. Draw the structural formula for Benzene.Could also be drawn as:or

11. Draw the structural formula for: 3-methyl-2-phenyl hexane.CCCCCCC

12. Draw the structural formula for: 1-butene.CCCC12341-butenebut- = 4ene = double bond after 1st carbon

13. Draw the structural formula for: propyne.CCC123propyneprop- = 3yne = triple bond after 1st carbon

14. Draw the structural formula for the two isomers of butane.butanebut- = 4isomer = different structural arrangement.CCCCCCCC2-methylpropane

15. Draw two isomers of pentane.2,2-dimethylpropanePentane2-methylbutaneC5H12C5H12C5H12

The other isomers have branches.

This is the only straight chain structure.

Chemistry NotesOrganic Review

16. Circle the carbon skeleton that is different from the other three?

Find the longest chain of carbons. (Parent chain) The parent chain and the last word in the name.heptane1234567Count so branched groups get the lowest numbering.Identify substituents. (Branched groups)methylmethylmethyltrimethyl3,3,5 -

17. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

The asymmetric carbon has different groups in each direction.

18. Which lettered carbon is the asymmetric carbon in the following compound?

A) a

B) b

C) c

D) d

E) No asymmetric carbon is present.

Trans isomers have groups attached to opposite sides of the double bond.

19. Circle the compound that has its substituents in the trans position?

CCCCC}CCC

20. Draw the structural formula for the following condensed formula:

CH3CH2CH2CH3CHCH2CH2CH3