SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and
Rebellions. b. Identify the causes and results of the revolutions
in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti
(1791), and Latin America (1808-1825).
Slide 3
SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of
industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the major
characteristics of worldwide imperialism. b. Compare and contrast
the rise of the nation state in Germany under Otto von Bismarck and
Japan under Emperor Meiji.
Slide 4
How did the rise of nationalism have global impact? What were
some consequences of the Enlightenment writings? How did the
actions of various rulers bring about change?
Slide 5
Inspired by the Enlightenment, people of Latin America rebel
against European rule (Spain). Rebels in Europe responded to
nationalistic calls for independence. Nationalist groups create
unrest. Romanticism and realism become new forms of art and
expression.
Slide 6
Latin America Class dictated place in society Peninsulares born
in Spain could hold office Creoles born in Latin America Could not
hold office only military officers
Slide 7
Saint Domingue 1791 Enslaved africans revolt against French
masters Toussaint Louverture takes control of Island Napoleon sent
30,000 French soldiers Louverture captured sent to prison in Alps
1804 1 st black colony to free itself from European control
Slide 8
Creoles best educated merchant Educated in Europe brought back
Enlightenment ideas Napoleon removes Spanish King and replaced with
brother, Joseph Had no loyalty from Creoles If King removed power
was to shift to people consent of the governed (Locke)
Slide 9
Simon Bolivar 1811 Venezuelans declare independence from Spain
1821 Simon Bolivar finally wins Jose San Martin Argentinean lead
army on march through Andes Freed Chile 1821 Bolivar and San Martin
join forces Defeated the Spanish at Battle of Ayacucho Peru
Columbia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, Argentina join to create Gran
Columbia (Bolivars Dream)
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Padre Miguel Hidalgo 1810 grio de Delores call for rebellion
United 80,000 Indian and Metizos Alarmed Spanish army and creoles
1811 defeated by Spanish Jose Maria Morelos leads another rebellion
1815 Defeated by Creole officer Iturbide 1820 Creoles fear loss of
privileges from Spanish run colony 1821 Creoles unite to defeat
Spain to claim Mexicos Independence Iturbide becomes emperor -
overthrown Central American countries win Independence
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
1807 Napoleons army invades Spain and Portugal To close port of
Lisbon to British shipping Portuguese King John escapes to largest
colony Brazil ran the empire from Portugal for 6 years 1822 Creole
Brazilians declare independence from Portugal Signed petition
asking Don Pedro to rule
Slide 16
SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of
industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the major
characteristics of worldwide imperialism. b. Compare and contrast
the rise of the nation state in Germany under Otto von Bismarck and
Japan under Emperor Meiji.
Slide 17
Slide 18
Conservative Property owners and nobility Preferred traditional
monarchies Liberal Middle class business leaders and merchants Give
more power to parliament Only educated and landowners vote Radical
Extend democracy to everyone Practice liberty, equality, fraternity
like French Revolution
Slide 19
Greatest loyalty should be to a nation of shared culture,
beliefs and history Independent government nation state Defends its
territory and way of life Tied to Enlightenment and democratic
ideas of government consent of the governed Can be good and bad
Chart page 688 List positive and negative results of
NATIONALISM
Slide 20
Nationalists: Liberal and radicals Led struggle for
constitutional government Teachers, lawyers, business people
Liberals: some wanted to gather German states into single nation
state Some (Austrians) wanted to split and establish self -
rule
Slide 21
Greece ruled by Ottoman Turks 1821 demanded independence from
Ottomans Greeks were admired for its history Cause for Greek
independence popular among Europe and America British, France and
Russian fleet defeat Ottomans
Slide 22
1830s Belgium declared independence from Netherlands Italy
declared independence from Austria Poland declared independence
from Russia 1848 Czechs declared independence from Austria
Slide 23
Paris rebelled against monarchy of Charles Paris mob overturned
monarchy establish a republic again Radicals encourage violence in
cities 1848 Louis Napoleon (nephew) won presidential election Later
named Emperor Built railroads encouraged industry public works
Slide 24
Slide 25
Nicholas I tried to take Ottoman territory Crimean War:
Britain, France, Ottomans defeat Russia Alexander II Modernization
and social change Freed serfs (1861) land sold to peasants land
given to nobles Created a massive debt - assassinated Alexander III
Drove industrial expansion and nationalism
Slide 26
Types of Nationalist Movements: page 692
TypeCharacteristicsExamples Unification Separation
State-building
Discontent over foreign rulers Nationalism destroyed empires
and built nations Cavour: Prime minister of Sardinia largest most
powerful Italian state Liberal constitution Napoleon assists Cavour
in liberating northern provinces from Austria Guiseppe Garibaldi
united Southern Italy with North the Red One red shirts 1866
Venetia joins Italian states 1870 All of Italy comes of Italian
control (except Vatican City)
Slide 30
Prussia control of loose German Federation Strongest army
liberal constitution 1861 Liberal parliament refused to grant
Wilhelm money for reforms Chooses conservative Junker, Otto von
Bismarck as prime minister Bismarcks realpolitik: politics of
reality Describes tough power politics no room for idealism
Slide 31
Slide 32
Declared he would rule without consent of parliament and
without a legal budget Direct violation of constitution the great
issues of today will be decided byblood and iron Prussia Austria
alliance waged war against Denmark Increased nationalistic tendency
Won respect from Germans to have Prussia rule a unified
Germany
Slide 33
Bismarck stirs ups border conflicts with Austria Provoked
Austria into declaring war in 1866 Prussian wreaked devastating
victory! Took control of Northern Germany Franco Prussian War 1870
Bismarck said they could be persuaded if they faced a threat from
the outsidewar with France would rally the south Manufactured
incident: provoke France into declaring war Prussian forces
overwhelm France captured Napoleon III
Slide 34
Slide 35
Slide 36
1950-1980 47 African countries overthrow colonial rulers 1990s
Bosnia, Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia and Macedonia broke away
from Yugoslavia Europe has 47 countries with 50 different languages
Latin America is mostly Portuguese and Spanish as well as native
Indian languages
Slide 37
The Balkans: Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia
Congress of Vienna broke down Revolutions of 1830-48: Powers that
decreased: Austria and Russia Powers that increased: Britain and
Germany