Chapter 23Chapter 23Section 1 NotesSection 1 Notes

Test on FridayTest on Friday

NationalismNationalism

A feeling of intense loyalty to one’s A feeling of intense loyalty to one’s country or groupcountry or group

Ethnic GroupsEthnic Groups

People who share a common People who share a common language and traditionslanguage and traditions

MilitarismMilitarism

The build up of military powerThe build up of military power

Alliance SystemAlliance System

Defense agreements among nationsDefense agreements among nations

EntenteEntente

An understanding among nationsAn understanding among nations

Balance of PowerBalance of Power

A system that prevents any one A system that prevents any one country from dominating the others.country from dominating the others.

Causes of WWICauses of WWITest questionTest question

MM – militarism – militarism

A A – alliance system– alliance system

I I – imperialism– imperialism

NN – nationalism – nationalism

Assassination of the Assassination of the ArchdukeArchduke

Test QuestionTest Question The The assassinationassassination of Archduke of Archduke

Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914, Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914, was the event that was the event that sparked the sparked the beginning of the war.beginning of the war.

The assassination would not have The assassination would not have led to warled to war had it not been for had it not been for the the alliance systemsalliance systems that were that were in place during this time.in place during this time.

Nationalism and ImperialismNationalism and Imperialism

Nationalism served as both a Nationalism served as both a unifying and disruptive force in the unifying and disruptive force in the late 1800s and early 1900s.late 1800s and early 1900s.

Imperialism led to conflict because Imperialism led to conflict because there were few area left to colonizethere were few area left to colonize

Triple AllianceTriple AllianceTest QuestionTest Question

GermanyGermany

Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary

ItalyItaly

Triple EntenteTriple EntenteTest QuestionsTest Questions

Great BritainGreat Britain

FranceFrance

RussiaRussia

Alliances and Brewing Alliances and Brewing TroubleTrouble

The alliances aimed to keep peace by The alliances aimed to keep peace by maintaining a balance of power.maintaining a balance of power.

A hotbed of nationalist and ethnic A hotbed of nationalist and ethnic rivalries existed in the early 1900s in the rivalries existed in the early 1900s in the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe.Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe.

Gavrilo Princip; Princip and other terrorists plotted the murder to advance the cause of the unification of Slavic peoples.

War BeginsWar Begins

WWI began on July 28, 1914, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

Great Britain declared war on Germany because they invaded Belgium, which had been guaranteed neutrality in an 1839 treaty.

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Germany invades Germany invades BelgiumBelgium

Test QuestionTest Question Germany hoped to defeat Germany hoped to defeat France quickly by moving France quickly by moving through Belgiumthrough Belgium and into France and into France before they could prepare.before they could prepare.

The Belgians were harder to The Belgians were harder to defeat than expected which defeat than expected which allowed France and Great allowed France and Great Britain time to prepareBritain time to prepare, so , so France didn’t fall to Germany as France didn’t fall to Germany as expected.expected.

Central PowersCentral PowersTest QuestionTest Question

GermanyGermany

Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary

Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire

Allied PowersAllied PowersTest QuestionTest Question

Great BritainGreat BritainFranceFranceRussiaRussia Japan joined in August 1914Japan joined in August 1914 Italy joined in 1915Italy joined in 1915United States joined in 1917United States joined in 1917

Battle of the MarneBattle of the MarneTest QuestionTest Question

The battle saved Paris from The battle saved Paris from invasion by the Germans and invasion by the Germans and boosted French morale.boosted French morale.

The battle made it clear that The battle made it clear that neither side was capable of neither side was capable of winning the war quickly or easily.winning the war quickly or easily.

Battle of VerdunBattle of VerdunTest QuestionTest Question

The Germans attacked the town of Verdun The Germans attacked the town of Verdun hoping to wipe out the French in February hoping to wipe out the French in February 1916. 1916.

The Germans came within 4 miles of the city, The Germans came within 4 miles of the city, but the French counterattacked in October but the French counterattacked in October driving the Germans back.driving the Germans back.

The battle accomplished little. The French The battle accomplished little. The French suffered 540,000 casualties and the Germans suffered 540,000 casualties and the Germans suffered 430,000.suffered 430,000.

Verdun became a symbol of French resistance.Verdun became a symbol of French resistance. http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/

Battle of SommeBattle of SommeTest QuestionTest Question

The tank was first introduced by the British The tank was first introduced by the British in this battle, and the Germans introduced in this battle, and the Germans introduced the flamethrower.the flamethrower.

The British were unable to break through The British were unable to break through German lines.German lines.

When the attack was over Britain and When the attack was over Britain and France’s casualties totaled 615,000. France’s casualties totaled 615,000. German losses were estimated at 650,000.German losses were estimated at 650,000.

For such a high price, the Allies had only For such a high price, the Allies had only gained about 7 miles.gained about 7 miles.

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Weapons of WWIWeapons of WWITest QuestionTest Question

Tank – wasn’t very reliable, but could run Tank – wasn’t very reliable, but could run over machine gun nest, destroy barbed over machine gun nest, destroy barbed wire, and provide coverwire, and provide cover

Flamethrower – could kill large numbers of Flamethrower – could kill large numbers of people from a distancepeople from a distance

Zeppelin – used to bomb citiesZeppelin – used to bomb cities Bi-plane – at first used for observation, Bi-plane – at first used for observation,

later to fight other planes in the airlater to fight other planes in the air Machine gun – fired faster rounds than a Machine gun – fired faster rounds than a

regular gunregular gun U-boats – sank unsuspected Allied shipsU-boats – sank unsuspected Allied ships Poison gas – responsible for almost a Poison gas – responsible for almost a

million casualties in WWI first used by the million casualties in WWI first used by the GermansGermans

U-boatsU-boatsTest QuestionTest Question

U-boat attacks on ships at sea U-boat attacks on ships at sea eventually affected the United States eventually affected the United States and changed the course of the war. and changed the course of the war.

Germany had hoped their u-boats Germany had hoped their u-boats would end the war before the U.S. had would end the war before the U.S. had a chance to enter on the side of the a chance to enter on the side of the Allies.Allies.

This did not happen, due to the This did not happen, due to the convoy system.convoy system.

Trenches and Christmas Trenches and Christmas TruceTruce

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