CHAPTER 23CHAPTER 23

POST WAR ECONOMYPOST WAR ECONOMY

23-123-1 Peace time economy - flourished after WWII GI Bill - provided loans to vets for businesses,

homes and college Demand for goods = higher prices= labor unrest

(workers want to benefit from the higher prices of goods)

Ex - Coal miners strike Truman orders them back to work

Taft - Hartley Act - outlawed closed shops- practice of forcing owners to hire only union members

Owners could pass right to work laws - allowed them to hire outside union

Prohibited feather - bedding - limiting worker output to create new jobs

Peace time economy - flourished after WWII GI Bill - provided loans to vets for businesses,

homes and college Demand for goods = higher prices= labor unrest

(workers want to benefit from the higher prices of goods)

Ex - Coal miners strike Truman orders them back to work

Taft - Hartley Act - outlawed closed shops- practice of forcing owners to hire only union members

Owners could pass right to work laws - allowed them to hire outside union

Prohibited feather - bedding - limiting worker output to create new jobs

TrumanTruman Harry S. Truman - democrat (1945 - 1953)

Increased Gov. spending in business Increased Federal spending Passed Fair Deal legislation (min. wage, GI

Bill) - Trumans domestic policy Truman attacked congress, calling it a “Do

Nothing Congress”

Harry S. Truman - democrat (1945 - 1953)

Increased Gov. spending in business Increased Federal spending Passed Fair Deal legislation (min. wage, GI

Bill) - Trumans domestic policy Truman attacked congress, calling it a “Do

Nothing Congress”

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)

Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)

1952 Election Eisenhower (rep.) vs. Stevenson (dem.) Eisenhower wins - Richard Nixon is Vice President

Wanted to limit Gov. involvement in business Limit all Gov. spending Republicans are more conservative (spend less money) He ended price controls, vetoed school construction

bills, slashed aid to housing, ended RFC Eisenhower did have an active side though; passed

fed. Highway act, Gt. Lakes sea way, extended social security

THIS POLICY IS DYNAMIC CONSERVATISM - save but spend on some

1952 Election Eisenhower (rep.) vs. Stevenson (dem.) Eisenhower wins - Richard Nixon is Vice President

Wanted to limit Gov. involvement in business Limit all Gov. spending Republicans are more conservative (spend less money) He ended price controls, vetoed school construction

bills, slashed aid to housing, ended RFC Eisenhower did have an active side though; passed

fed. Highway act, Gt. Lakes sea way, extended social security

THIS POLICY IS DYNAMIC CONSERVATISM - save but spend on some

Chapter 23 - sect. 2Chapter 23 - sect. 2 John Kenneth Galbraith - 1958 -economist “economy of abundance” - stated the

U.S. post - war economy was prospering because of new business techniques and improved technology

1940-1955 Average family income tripled 1940-1960 - owning a home went from 41% to 61% Increase in white - collar jobs such as sales

and management By 1956 white collar outnumbered blue-collar

workers - physical labor

John Kenneth Galbraith - 1958 -economist “economy of abundance” - stated the

U.S. post - war economy was prospering because of new business techniques and improved technology

1940-1955 Average family income tripled 1940-1960 - owning a home went from 41% to 61% Increase in white - collar jobs such as sales

and management By 1956 white collar outnumbered blue-collar

workers - physical labor

Sect. 2 cont.Sect. 2 cont. 1950s - companies began to change Multinational corporations - jobs were being

moved overseas Franchise - several stores in one chain David Riesman - sociologist argued that

workers were forced to conform to the group and were becoming “other directed” instead of “inner directed”.

William H. Whyte wrote “The Organization Man” - business wanted to keep people the same, no stand out personality

1950s - companies began to change Multinational corporations - jobs were being

moved overseas Franchise - several stores in one chain David Riesman - sociologist argued that

workers were forced to conform to the group and were becoming “other directed” instead of “inner directed”.

William H. Whyte wrote “The Organization Man” - business wanted to keep people the same, no stand out personality

Sect. 2 cont.Sect. 2 cont.

1950s saw a growth of suburbs - urban areas outside the inner city

Levittown, New York - One of the first suburbs

By 1950 - 85% of new homes were in the burbs

1941 - 1961 baby boom (65 million children born in the U.S.)

1950s saw a growth of suburbs - urban areas outside the inner city

Levittown, New York - One of the first suburbs

By 1950 - 85% of new homes were in the burbs

1941 - 1961 baby boom (65 million children born in the U.S.)

Technology breakthroughsTechnology breakthroughs

Transistor was invented - making it possible for small radios and calculators

1946 - ENIAC one of the nations earliest computers (military)

UNIVAC - later model that would handle business data and launch the computer revolution

Transistor was invented - making it possible for small radios and calculators

1946 - ENIAC one of the nations earliest computers (military)

UNIVAC - later model that would handle business data and launch the computer revolution

Medical MiraclesMedical Miracles

1950s - antibiotics, new products to combat arthritis, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease

1940s and 1950s polio epedemic Jonas Salk - invented a polio vaccine - 1955 vaccine was declared safe

1950s - antibiotics, new products to combat arthritis, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease

1940s and 1950s polio epedemic Jonas Salk - invented a polio vaccine - 1955 vaccine was declared safe

Chapter 23 - section 3 Chapter 23 - section 3 Pop culture of the 1950’s TV - 1946 - 7000 - 8000 tv sets by 1957 - 40

million Bob Hope, Jack Benny, The Lone Ranger,

Gunsmoke Variety shows were a big hit - Ed Sullivan

“Toast of the Town” Quiz Shows were popular - until Charles Van

Doren had the answers to the questions

Pop culture of the 1950’s TV - 1946 - 7000 - 8000 tv sets by 1957 - 40

million Bob Hope, Jack Benny, The Lone Ranger,

Gunsmoke Variety shows were a big hit - Ed Sullivan

“Toast of the Town” Quiz Shows were popular - until Charles Van

Doren had the answers to the questions

Sect. 3 cont.Sect. 3 cont.

TV hurt the movie industry until Cinemascope - movies shown on large panoramic screens lured people back

Movies were expensive to make but earned that back in profit , “The Ten Commandments”

TV hurt the movie industry until Cinemascope - movies shown on large panoramic screens lured people back

Movies were expensive to make but earned that back in profit , “The Ten Commandments”

Sect. 3 cont.Sect. 3 cont.

The New Youth Culture Rock and Roll - early 1950’s based on African American rhythm and blues

Alan Freed - Ohio radio DJ started playing black music

Elvis Presley - rock and roll criticized for

being white and playing black music

The New Youth Culture Rock and Roll - early 1950’s based on African American rhythm and blues

Alan Freed - Ohio radio DJ started playing black music

Elvis Presley - rock and roll criticized for

being white and playing black music

Artists of the 50’sArtists of the 50’s

African American - Chuck Berry, Ray Charles , Little Richard, Drifters

African American women - Crystals, Chiffons, Shirelles

African American - Chuck Berry, Ray Charles , Little Richard, Drifters

African American women - Crystals, Chiffons, Shirelles

Section 4 - the other side of American lifeSection 4 - the other side of American life

Even though the middle class was expanding, 1 in 5 still lived below the poverty line

Poverty line - figure set by Gov. to reflect the minimum income required to support a family

Michael Harringtone - wrote “ The Other America” - exposed poverty that exists in America

Even though the middle class was expanding, 1 in 5 still lived below the poverty line

Poverty line - figure set by Gov. to reflect the minimum income required to support a family

Michael Harringtone - wrote “ The Other America” - exposed poverty that exists in America

Sect. 4 cont.Sect. 4 cont. Urban renewal - Gov. attempt to help the poor

by tearing down slums in the inner city Not successful because it eliminated

affordable housing Minorities are the largest group of poor Bracero program - Hispanics filling labor

intensive jobs in the United States 1950 - Native Americans were the poorest group Termination Policy - Gov. began withdrawing

legal recognition of N.A. and made them subject to all laws

Urban renewal - Gov. attempt to help the poor by tearing down slums in the inner city

Not successful because it eliminated affordable housing

Minorities are the largest group of poor Bracero program - Hispanics filling labor

intensive jobs in the United States 1950 - Native Americans were the poorest group Termination Policy - Gov. began withdrawing

legal recognition of N.A. and made them subject to all laws

Sect. 4 cont.Sect. 4 cont. Juvenile Delinquency - anti-social or

criminal behavior of young people 1948 - 1953 - U.S. saw a 45% increase in

delinquency Reasons: poverty, lack of religion,tv,

divorce. Other experts said it was a natural rebellion

of young people to conformity After Soviets launched sputnik I and II the

Gov. began to concentrate on science and math education

Juvenile Delinquency - anti-social or criminal behavior of young people

1948 - 1953 - U.S. saw a 45% increase in delinquency

Reasons: poverty, lack of religion,tv, divorce.

Other experts said it was a natural rebellion of young people to conformity

After Soviets launched sputnik I and II the Gov. began to concentrate on science and math education