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Chapter 23 Development of digestive and respiratory system. Ⅰ.Primitive gut and its derivetives. Foregut Midgut Hindgut. Oropharyngeal membrane Cloacal membrane Vitelline duct. Ⅱ.Development of the digestive system. 1.Evolution of foregut Esophagus and stomach Liver and gallbladder - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter 23Chapter 23Development of digestive and respiraDevelopment of digestive and respira
tory systemtory system
ⅠⅠ.Primitive gut and its derivetives.Primitive gut and its derivetives
ForegutForegut
MidgutMidgut
HindgutHindgut
Oropharyngeal membrane Cloacal membrane Vitelline duct
ⅡⅡ.Development of the digestive system.Development of the digestive system
1.Evolution of foregut1.Evolution of foregut– Esophagus and stomachEsophagus and stomach– Liver and gallbladderLiver and gallbladder– Pancreas Pancreas
(1) Development of the esophagus(1) Development of the esophagus
esophagus
Epithelium simple to stratified recanalization incomplete recanalization esophageal stenosis esophageal atresia
(2) Development of the stomach(2) Development of the stomach
dorsal mesenterydorsal mesenteryMesentery Mesentery
ventral mesenteryventral mesentery
Dorsal border: greater curvature, fundusDorsal border: greater curvature, fundus
Ventral border: lesser curvatureVentral border: lesser curvature
Dorsal mesogastrium: omental bursaDorsal mesogastrium: omental bursa
(3) Development of liver and gallbladder(3) Development of liver and gallbladderHepatic diverticulumHepatic diverticulum
Cephalic limb: liverCephalic limb: liver
Caudal limb:Caudal limb:
gallbladder cystic ductgallbladder cystic duct
Septum transversumSeptum transversum肝憩室肝憩室
Common bile duct
原始横隔
原始横隔
原始横隔
Congenital obstructive jaundice
(4) Development of pancreas(4) Development of pancreas
Ventral pancreatic Ventral pancreatic budbudDorsal pancreatic Dorsal pancreatic budbudVentral pancreatic Ventral pancreatic ductductDorsal pancreatic Dorsal pancreatic ductductCommon Common pancreatic ductpancreatic ductAccessory Accessory pancreatic ductpancreatic duct
Annular pancreas
2. Evolution of midgut and hindgut2. Evolution of midgut and hindgut(development of intestine)(development of intestine)
(1)Midgut loop(1)Midgut loopCephalic limbCephalic limbCaudal limbCaudal limbCaecal swellingCaecal swelling (bud)(bud)
CaecumCaecumAppendixAppendix
Superior mesenteric artery
Physiological Physiological umbilical herumbilical herniationniation
rotate counterotate counter clockwiser clockwise
(2) Evolution of hindgut (2) Evolution of hindgut (Separation of the cloac(Separation of the cloaca)a)
urorectal septumurorectal septum
Cloaca Cloaca Urogenital sinusUrogenital sinus
Urinary bladder, urethraUrinary bladder, urethra
Anorectal canalAnorectal canalRectum Rectum Upper part of anal canalUpper part of anal canal
Cloacal membraneCloacal membrane– Urogenital membraneUrogenital membrane– Anal membraneAnal membrane
Anal pitAnal pit
Separation of the cloacaSeparation of the cloaca
Pectinate linePectinate line
3.Congenital malformation of the intestine3.Congenital malformation of the intestine
(1)Stenosis, atresia and duplication
(2) Umbilical fistula and Meckel’s diverticulum(2) Umbilical fistula and Meckel’s diverticulum vitelline fistula vitelline fistula Vitelline cystVitelline cyst(3) Congenital umbilical hernia (3) Congenital umbilical hernia
Vitelline ligamentVitelline ligament
(4)Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon
due to absence of parasympathetic ganglia in the bowel wall
(5) Imperforate anus(5) Imperforate anusrectovaginal fistula
rectourethral fistula
Rectourethral fistulaRectovesical fistula
(6) Abnormal midgut rotation(6) Abnormal midgut rotation
nonrotation of the midgut
reversed rotation of the midgut
situs inversus viscerum
left side colon
ⅢⅢ.Development of the respiratory system.Development of the respiratory system
1. 1. Development of Development of
the Larynx and the Larynx and
tracheatrachea– LaryngotrachealLaryngotracheal
groovegroove– Laryngotracheal diveLaryngotracheal dive
rticulumrticulum– Tracheoesophageal Tracheoesophageal
septumseptum– Diverticulum: larynx, Diverticulum: larynx,
trachea, lung budstrachea, lung buds
喉气管憩室喉气管憩室
2. Development of bronchi and lungs2. Development of bronchi and lungs
Lung buds Lung buds Bronchi, bronchial tree, alveoliBronchi, bronchial tree, alveoli– Surfactant: lowering the surface tensionSurfactant: lowering the surface tension
Mesenchyme: CT, cartilage, smooth muscles, blood vesselsMesenchyme: CT, cartilage, smooth muscles, blood vessels
3. Malformation3. Malformation Stenosis or atresia of larynx and tracheaStenosis or atresia of larynx and tracheaEsophagotracheal fistulaEsophagotracheal fistulahyaline membrane diseasehyaline membrane disease
respiratory distress syndromerespiratory distress syndrome