Chapter 22Chapter 22

The New DealThe New Deal

FDRFDR

1933: Franklin D. Roosevelt takes office1933: Franklin D. Roosevelt takes office

Pledged the “New Deal”Pledged the “New Deal”

Bipartisan: took in Bipartisan: took in

Republicans and women Republicans and women

on his Cabinet on his Cabinet

Eleanor RooseveltEleanor Roosevelt

FDR’s wife, very FDR’s wife, very outspoken 1outspoken 1stst lady. lady.

Became the “eyes Became the “eyes and ears” on the and ears” on the United StatesUnited States

First 100 DaysFirst 100 Days

Emergency Banking Bill: banks closed for 4 days Emergency Banking Bill: banks closed for 4 days to get accounts in orderto get accounts in order

Fireside Chats: radio Fireside Chats: radio speeches to the people to speeches to the people to deliver hopedeliver hope

Government ProgramsGovernment Programs

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC): insured banks up to $5,000(FDIC): insured banks up to $5,000

Securities and Exchange Commission Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): regulate stock market (SEC): regulate stock market

New Deal ProgramsNew Deal Programs

Farmers: Agricultural Adjustment ActFarmers: Agricultural Adjustment Act End overproduction and raise crop pricesEnd overproduction and raise crop prices

Tennessee Valley Authority: built dams to Tennessee Valley Authority: built dams to control floods and generate powercontrol floods and generate power

Civilian Conservation Corps: Civilian Conservation Corps:

gave 2 million young men gave 2 million young men

jobsjobs

New Deal Cont…New Deal Cont…

National Recovery National Recovery Administration: Administration: developed codes of developed codes of fair competitionfair competition Established minimum Established minimum

wage and minimum wage and minimum good pricesgood prices

Public Works Public Works Administration: built Administration: built bridges, dams, power bridges, dams, power plants, and plants, and

government buildingsgovernment buildings

Opposition to FDROpposition to FDR

Huey Long - Huey Long - Senator from Louisiana, who Senator from Louisiana, who opposed Roosevelt. Was considered a serious opposed Roosevelt. Was considered a serious threat to become the next president, but was threat to become the next president, but was assassinated by a lone gunman. “Every Man A assassinated by a lone gunman. “Every Man A King”King”

Republicans said “too much”Republicans said “too much” Government was too powerfulGovernment was too powerful

Socialists said “not enough”Socialists said “not enough”

Second New DealSecond New Deal

Addressed social problemsAddressed social problems Elderly, poor, unemployed, workers, and Elderly, poor, unemployed, workers, and

farmersfarmers

Works Progress AdministrationWorks Progress Administration

Created to distribute $5 billion for new jobsCreated to distribute $5 billion for new jobs Employed 8 million peopleEmployed 8 million people Built 650,000 miles of highwayBuilt 650,000 miles of highway 125,000 buildings125,000 buildings

Deficit Spending spending more money than the government receives in revenue.

Social SecuritySocial Security

Old-age insurance for retirees 65 or older Old-age insurance for retirees 65 or older and their spousesand their spouses

Unemployment CompensationUnemployment Compensation Aid to families with dependent children Aid to families with dependent children

and the disabledand the disabled

FarmersFarmers

Rural Electrification Administration: loaned Rural Electrification Administration: loaned money to build power lines and bring electricity money to build power lines and bring electricity to rural areasto rural areas

Water Projects: irrigation and damsWater Projects: irrigation and dams

Labor RightsLabor Rights Wagner Act – recognized the right of employees to Wagner Act – recognized the right of employees to

join labor unions and gave workers the right to join labor unions and gave workers the right to Collective BargainingCollective Bargaining..

Fair Labor Standards ActFair Labor Standards Act Banned child laborBanned child labor Created minimum wageCreated minimum wage 44 hour work week44 hour work week

Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) labor unions labor unions Ethnically more diverseEthnically more diverse

Effects of the New DealEffects of the New Deal

Millions employed through programsMillions employed through programs Banking system is stabilizedBanking system is stabilized Stock market regulationsStock market regulations Social insurance for elderly and poorSocial insurance for elderly and poor Farming helpFarming help Government takes more active role in economyGovernment takes more active role in economy Women and African Americans make advances Women and African Americans make advances

Culture of the 1930’sCulture of the 1930’s

Movies and RadioMovies and Radio Swing MusicSwing Music MuralsMurals

LiteratureLiterature Grapes of WrathGrapes of Wrath

Golden Age of HollywoodGolden Age of Hollywood