Chapter 22. The Nation Comes of Chapter 22. The Nation Comes of AgeAge

A Transportation Revolution BeginsA Transportation Revolution Begins Americans Improve Cities and Americans Improve Cities and

ServicesServices Americans Seek other ImprovementsAmericans Seek other Improvements The United States Intervenes in The United States Intervenes in

MexicoMexico

Cities GrowCities Grow

Cities grew:Cities grew:

• ImmigrantsImmigrants

• Farmers moving to Farmers moving to citiescities

• New farming New farming equipment = less equipment = less people needed to people needed to do work on farms.do work on farms.

Cities needed to be Cities needed to be appealing to the appealing to the public:public:

- Parks created- Parks created

- Skyscrapers invented- Skyscrapers invented

-Sports and -Sports and entertainment venues.entertainment venues.

Transportation Revolution BeginsTransportation Revolution Begins

AutomobileAutomobile• Henry Ford – Model T – “Tin Lizzy”Henry Ford – Model T – “Tin Lizzy”• Urban SprawlUrban Sprawl• Free Enterprise – Laissez FaireFree Enterprise – Laissez Faire• Assembly Line – Mass ProductionAssembly Line – Mass Production• Scientific ManagementScientific Management• $ 5 Dollar Day$ 5 Dollar Day

AirflightAirflight• Orville & Wilbur WrightOrville & Wilbur Wright

Model T AutomobileModel T AutomobileModel T AutomobileModel T Automobile

Henry FordI want to pay my workers so that they

can afford my product!

Henry FordI want to pay my workers so that they

can afford my product!

““Model T” Prices & Model T” Prices & SalesSales

““Model T” Prices & Model T” Prices & SalesSales

AutomobilesAutomobiles

Changed lifeChanged life• Paved roadsPaved roads• Traffic lightsTraffic lights• Travel easierTravel easier• Led to urban Led to urban

sprawl sprawl

Vocabulary TermsVocabulary Terms

Urban sprawl- The unplanned & Urban sprawl- The unplanned & uncontrolled spreading of cities uncontrolled spreading of cities into surrounding regions.into surrounding regions.

Mass production- producing a Mass production- producing a large amount of goods in a short large amount of goods in a short amount of time.amount of time.• Businesses grew b/c of mass Businesses grew b/c of mass

productionproduction

The Reorganization of The Reorganization of WorkWork

The Reorganization of The Reorganization of WorkWork

Frederick W. TaylorThe Principles of Scientific Management (1911)

Frederick W. TaylorThe Principles of Scientific Management (1911)

The Reorganization of The Reorganization of WorkWork

The Reorganization of The Reorganization of WorkWork

The Assembly LineThe Assembly Line

Who invented the airplane?Who invented the airplane?

Orville & Orville & Wilbur Wilbur Wright.Wright.

Americans Improve Cities and Americans Improve Cities and ServicesServices

SkyscrapersSkyscrapers• Louis SullivanLouis Sullivan

Electric TransitElectric Transit Urban PlanningUrban Planning

• Fredrick Law OlmstedFredrick Law Olmsted• Central ParkCentral Park

Revolution in PrintingRevolution in Printing• Mass CirculationMass Circulation• Web-Perfecting pressWeb-Perfecting press• Linotype machineLinotype machine

Who Invented the Skyscraper?Who Invented the Skyscraper?

-Louis -Louis SullivanSullivan

Cities Improve ContinuedCities Improve Continued

PhotographyPhotography• George EastmanGeorge Eastman• Kodak CameraKodak Camera

Urban ShoppingUrban Shopping• Department StoresDepartment Stores• Marshall FieldMarshall Field• F.W. WoolworthF.W. Woolworth• Cleveland, Ohio 1Cleveland, Ohio 1stst Shopping Center Shopping Center

Cities Improvements ContinuedCities Improvements Continued

Dining OutDining Out• Delmonico’sDelmonico’s

Settlement HousesSettlement Houses• Jane AddamsJane Addams

AdvertisingAdvertising Mail order catalogsMail order catalogs

• Sears & Roebuck Co.Sears & Roebuck Co.• Montgomery WardMontgomery Ward• Rural Free Delivery Rural Free Delivery

(RFD)(RFD)

Americans Seek other Americans Seek other ImprovementsImprovements

Expanding Public EducationExpanding Public Education• Compulsory EducationCompulsory Education• McGuffey ReadersMcGuffey Readers• Growth of High SchoolGrowth of High School• Racial DiscriminationRacial Discrimination - Plessy v. Ferguson- Plessy v. Ferguson

Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington George Washington CarverGeorge Washington Carver W.E.B. DuBoisW.E.B. DuBois

• Education for ImmigrantsEducation for Immigrants• Higher EducationHigher Education

Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington

Definition- He opened his own school, Definition- He opened his own school, the Tuskegee Institute.the Tuskegee Institute.

Significance- He believed that racism Significance- He believed that racism would end once African Americans would end once African Americans learned labor skills and could give to learned labor skills and could give to the economy.the economy.

W.E.B. DuBoisW.E.B. DuBois

Definition- The 1Definition- The 1stst African American African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard.to receive a doctorate from Harvard.

Significance- He believed that blacks Significance- He believed that blacks should seek an education so that should seek an education so that there would be well-educated black there would be well-educated black leaders.leaders.

Improvements ContinuedImprovements Continued

Education Influences CultureEducation Influences Culture• Popular Fiction – Mark TwainPopular Fiction – Mark Twain• Newspapers – Hearst & PulitzerNewspapers – Hearst & Pulitzer

African-Americans fight African-Americans fight DiscriminationDiscrimination• Voting RestrictionsVoting Restrictions

Literacy TestsLiteracy Tests Poll TaxPoll Tax Grandfather ClauseGrandfather Clause Jim Crow LawsJim Crow Laws

Grandfather clauseGrandfather clause

African Americans could not vote if African Americans could not vote if their grandfather did not vote before their grandfather did not vote before 1867.1867.

The problem:The problem:

-All African Americans could not -All African Americans could not vote in 1867. vote in 1867.

Poll TaxesPoll Taxes

Money that African Americans Money that African Americans needed to pay in order to vote.needed to pay in order to vote.

The problem:The problem:• They would be charged more than they They would be charged more than they

could afford.could afford.

Improvements ContinuedImprovements Continued

Leisure ActivitiesLeisure Activities• BaseballBaseball• BoxingBoxing• Amusement ParksAmusement Parks• BicyclingBicycling

EntertainmentEntertainment• VaudevilleVaudeville• RagtimeRagtime• Silver ScreenSilver Screen• CircusCircus

U.S. Intervenes in MexicoU.S. Intervenes in Mexico

Mexicans RevoltMexicans Revolt• Porfirio DiazPorfirio Diaz• Francisco MaderoFrancisco Madero• Victoriano HuertaVictoriano Huerta

Wilson adopts a Wilson adopts a waiting policywaiting policy• Spread DemocracySpread Democracy• Pancho VillaPancho Villa• John J. “Black Jack” John J. “Black Jack”

PershingPershing Advent of World War IAdvent of World War I