Chapter 22: Nationalism and

Imperialism(1840 - 1914)

22.6 – The Effect of Imperialism on Africa

British Control in Africa• Controlled nations of Sudan, Nigeria,

Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda

• 1900 – took over Nigeria; 1909 – took over South Africa

• Controlled the Suez Canal, which connected the Mediterranean and Red Seas

• Egypt was a British protectorate– Protectorate - An independent country whose

foreign policy is controlled by a major power

French Empire in Africa• Had largest European empire in Africa

–Gained the respect of other countries that admired imperialism

German Empire in Africa• Colonies far apart and not rich

–However, their military strength worried other European countries

African Control from Other European Countries

• Spain and Portugal had oldest colonies

• Belgium had large empire in middle of Africa

• Italy tried to take over Ethiopia, but was defeated–Eventually controlled Tripoli (now Libya)

in 1912

Imperialism Good or Bad?• Europeans said good

–Brought great improvements in health, transportation, and education to Africa and Asia

–Introduced ideas of constitutional government

–Brought jobs and industry to the colonies

• Colonial people said bad–Felt Europeans got more out of imperialism than them

–Factories in Africa and Asia supplied cheap goods to Europe

–People had no control over their government or natural resources

European Treatment of Native People

• No respect – tried to change religion, language, and way of life– Led to a wave of nationalism among the

people of Africa and Asia

• Europeans thought they were better than the native people of Africa and Asia

• Tried to take away the natives’ heritage – traditions passed down by ancestors

1. What colonies did Britain have in Africa?

2. What did France gain from its African empire?

3. What other European countries besides Britain, France, and Germany had colonies in Africa?

4. In what ways did imperialism help the colonized people in Africa?

5. Why did colonized people in Africa dislike imperialism?

C.T.) Why would Europeans want Africans to give up their language, religion, and customs?

Chapter 22 Review – Identifying FactsBismarck Cavour Garibaldi Great Britain Japan

Mazzini Meiji Napoleon III Prussia William I

1. ___ was an Italian nationalist and the “soul” of Italian unity.2. ___ was a skilled politician and the “brain” of Italian unity.3. ___ was fine soldier and the “sword” of Italian unity4. ___ was the Prussian prime minister who wanted to unite

all the German states under Prussia’s leadership.5. The strongest German state was ___.6. In the Battle of Sedan, Prussian soldiers captured ___ and

100,000 other prisoners.7. The first kaiser of a united Germany was ___.8. Emperor ___ began to make Japan a modern and powerful

nation.9. ___ controlled the colony of India.10. ___ defeated Russia in 1904 and won control of Korea.

Chapter 22 Review – Comprehensive Review

1. A nation’s warlike policy or practice is called ___.2. The love people have for their country is ___.3. Another name for a German emperor is ___.4. The control by a powerful nation of a weaker on is ___.5. Bismarck believed in ___ for Germany.6. What is imperialism?7. Which countries became imperial powers during the

nineteenth century?8. Do you agree or disagree with Bismarck that leaders

must decide problems with “blood and iron?” Explain your answer.

9. Do you believe imperialism was more a force for good or a force for evil? Explain your answer.

10. Why do you think Europeans gained control over Africa so easily?