CHAPTER 21, SECTION 4CHAPTER 21, SECTION 4

AMERICAN CITIZENSHIPAMERICAN CITIZENSHIP

SHIREEN, OSMAN, MOHAMMEDSHIREEN, OSMAN, MOHAMMED

CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTHCITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH

Jus SoliJus SoliThe law of the soil, or where one is bornThe law of the soil, or where one is bornA rule that the citizenship of a child is A rule that the citizenship of a child is

determined by the place of its birth.determined by the place of its birth.

CITIZENSHIP OF BIRTHCITIZENSHIP OF BIRTH

Jus SanguinisJus SanguinisThe law of the blood, or to whom is bornThe law of the blood, or to whom is bornA legal rule that a persons citizenship is A legal rule that a persons citizenship is

determined (by blood) of their parentsdetermined (by blood) of their parentsCan only become a American citizen Can only become a American citizen

Both parents are American citizens, and one Both parents are American citizens, and one has to have lived in the U.S for at least 10 has to have lived in the U.S for at least 10 yearsyears

The child has lived in the U.S for at least 5 The child has lived in the U.S for at least 5 years between the ages of 14 and 28years between the ages of 14 and 28

NATURALIZATIONNATURALIZATION

After some time after birth, a person After some time after birth, a person becomes a citizen of another country.becomes a citizen of another country.This is a legal processThis is a legal process

INDIVIDUAL NATURALIZATIONINDIVIDUAL NATURALIZATION Mostly an individual processMostly an individual process Both parentsBoth parents Divorced parentsDivorced parents One parent deadOne parent dead Adopted children, under 18 becomes finalAdopted children, under 18 becomes final

LOSS OF CITIZENSHIP LOSS OF CITIZENSHIP

Every American citizen, has the right Every American citizen, has the right to renounce their citizenshipto renounce their citizenship

ExpatriationExpatriationA legal process that a loss of citizenship A legal process that a loss of citizenship

can occurcan occur

EXPATRIATIONEXPATRIATION

Congress cannot take away a Congress cannot take away a persons citizenship, for something persons citizenship, for something they have donethey have done

Naturalized citizens can lose their Naturalized citizens can lose their citizenshipcitizenship

DENATURALIZATIONDENATURALIZATION

Denaturalization, occurs only by court Denaturalization, occurs only by court order and only after order and only after a person has a person has become a citizen by deception or fraudbecome a citizen by deception or fraud

can lose your citizenship by the courtcan lose your citizenship by the court

REGULATION OF REGULATION OF IMMIGRATIONIMMIGRATION

Congress has the exclusive power to Congress has the exclusive power to regulate immigrationregulate immigration

Decides who may be admitted to the Decides who may be admitted to the U.S and what conditionU.S and what conditionThe power of the U.S is to “exclude aliens The power of the U.S is to “exclude aliens

from its territory… is not open to from its territory… is not open to controversy”controversy”Alien: SomeoneAlien: Someone who was born in or belongs who was born in or belongs

to another country, who has not acquired to another country, who has not acquired citizenship by naturalization citizenship by naturalization

PRESENT IMMIGRATION PRESENT IMMIGRATION POLICIESPOLICIES

The U.S. Commission on Immigration The U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform was created by CongressReform was created by Congress To assess U.S. immigration policyTo assess U.S. immigration policyThe Immigration Act of 1990 governs The Immigration Act of 1990 governs

the admission of aliens to the U.Sthe admission of aliens to the U.SThe law provided an increase number of The law provided an increase number of

immigrant, to enter the U.S each yearimmigrant, to enter the U.S each year

DEPORTATIONDEPORTATION

A legal process, aliens are legally A legal process, aliens are legally required to leave the United Statesrequired to leave the United States

Its not a punishment and doesn’t require a Its not a punishment and doesn’t require a criminal trialcriminal trial

Some aliens who enter the U.S with fake Some aliens who enter the U.S with fake papers, sneak across the border and get papers, sneak across the border and get caught. They get deported.caught. They get deported.

UNDOCUMENTED ALIENSUNDOCUMENTED ALIENS

Most undocumented aliens enter the Most undocumented aliens enter the country by crossing the Canadian or country by crossing the Canadian or Mexican borderMexican borderCross over nightCross over nightThey come from Mexico, Asia, and other They come from Mexico, Asia, and other

Latin American countriesLatin American countriesMost Mexicans work on farms for at least 4 Most Mexicans work on farms for at least 4

to 6 monthsto 6 months

CURRENT LAWSCURRENT LAWS

Problems of undocumented aliens, Problems of undocumented aliens, worry about businesses, labor, farms, worry about businesses, labor, farms, ethnic, civil rights, and other groups.ethnic, civil rights, and other groups.

Congress passed the Immigration Act Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1986, which established a 1 year of 1986, which established a 1 year amnesty program.amnesty program.Undocumented aliens could become Undocumented aliens could become

legal residentslegal residentsMore than two million aliens used itMore than two million aliens used it