Chapter 20,

Sections 2 and 3

Progressive Movement

As Texans moved to cities, they found new problems and became more aware of existing ones.

The attempts of reformers to solve those problems became known as the Progressive Movement.

Galveston Invents New City Government

Replaced mayor and city council with a 5 member commission

Made laws for the cityEach commissioner in charge

of a different departmentSpread to over 400 cities

around the U.S.

Terrell Election Law

Secret ballotsRestricted campaigning

near voting areaRequired that major parties

hold primary elections to select candidates

Votes for WomenSuffrage – the right to voteOpponents said men would

protect women’s rights (uh huh!) and that women would neglect their homes and children if they were involved in politics

Suffragists said they would vote for better schools, more playgrounds, safe parks, and improved public health

Let’s Make a Deal!

1918 Texas women promised to support Governor William P. Hobby if he would sign a bill granting women the right to vote in primary elections.

He agreed and won the election in a landslide!

William P. Hobby

19th Amendment

Gave full voting rights for women all over the United States in 1920

ProhibitionMany groups believed that many

of the problems in society could be solved if liquor was made illegal.

Texas Anti-Saloon League worked to outlaw drinking in Texas.

18th Amendment

18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibited the sale, consumption, and possession of alcoholic beverages all over the U.S.

Prohibition lasted from 1920 to 1933 when it was repealed.

And now for the bad news -African Americans actually

lost rights during the first part of the 20th Century

All over the South, the Democratic Party passed laws discriminating against African Americans

Jim Crow LawsRacial segregation of public facilities

such as schools, restaurants, hotels, professional sports, water fountains, restrooms.

Poll taxes – required paying a fee in order to vote

Other Jim Crow LawsLiteracy Tests – required reading

and explaining parts of the Constitution in order to vote

Grandfather clauses – exempted whites from having to take literacy tests

1965 Alabama Literacy Test

If a person is indicted for a crime, name two rights which he has.

A U.S. senator elected at the general election in November takes office the following year on what date?

A President elected at the general election in November takes office the following year on what date?

Cultures Clash in South Texas

Midwestern immigrants developed farms to grow fruit, vegetables, cotton, and sugar cane.

Mexican immigrants came to Texas to escape the Mexican Revolution of 1910.

Fear and ignorance led to violence between these 2 groups.

Texas Rangers often added to the problems.

MutualistasMexican and Tejano men and women

formed mutual aid societies to help maintain Mexican culture and to provide help for low income families in the communities.

What can YOU do to ERASE HATE?

Assignment: Make a poster supporting or opposing one of these issues or groups:

Terrell Election LawProhibition

(18th Amendment)Women’s Suffrage

(19th Amendment)Jim Crow LawsMutualistas

Must include:

•Slogan

•What the law or group did

•Why you support or oppose it

•Picture - neat and in color