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Chapter 2 - What is a Living Organism?

Section 1 - Characteristics of Living Organisms

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What does it mean to be living?

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5 Characteristics of Life

Need EnergyComposed of Cells

Respond to Environment

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Grow & Reproduce

Maintain homeostasis

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1 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?

A Growth

B Maintains Homeostasis

C Made of Cells

D Breathes Oxygen

E Reproduction

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2 Which of the following would be an example of homeostasis?

A A fox chasing a rabbit

B Sweating playing basketball

C A cell dividing

D DNA duplicating

E A sunflower head turning in the sun

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Section 2 - Chemicals of Life

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What is EVERYTHING made of?

What happens if you break a stick in half over and over and over?

Matter

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Elements cannot be broken down

92 natural Over 100 total

Element Song on iPad

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An atom is the smallest amount of an element

Gold is an ELEMENT

The least I could have is ONE ATOM of gold

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So....what are atoms made of??

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Atoms combine to make everything we have!

Molecule

Compound

Two or more of same atom

Two ore more atoms of different elements

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3 If I took a copper coin and kept breaking it down until I had the smallest thing that makes up the coin what would I have?

A Atom

B Compound

C Ion

D Molecule

E Elements

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4 Hydrogen likes to exist as two hydrogens bonded together. This is an example of a(n)

A Atom

B Compound

C Ion

D Molecule

E Element

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Organic Compounds

Chemicals of living things

Contain Carbon

These chemicals are considered macromolecules because they are quite large

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4 types of macromolecules

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

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Carbohydrates

Sugars

Store Energy Fruits, Vegetables, Grains

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Proteins

Made of chains of amino acids

Enzymes

Antibodies

Muscle fiber

We get our amino acids to make proteins from what we eat!

Vegetarians?

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Lipids

Oil and fat

Difference?

Make up cell membranes!

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Nucleic Acids

Made up of nucleotides

DNA (deoxyribenucleic acid)

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Stores genetic information

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5 When you eat meat you are eating mostly what?

A Carbohydrates

B Proteins

C Lipids

D Nucleic Acids

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6 The scientific name for fats is __________?

A Carbohydrates

B Proteins

C Lipids

D Nucleic Acids

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7 When eating vegetables, fruits, and grains you are primarily eating __________.

A Carbohydrates

B Proteins

C Lipids

D Nucleic Acids

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Section 3 - Classification of Living Things

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Classify means to put in groups

What things do you classify?

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Taxonomy is classifying living organisms

Carl Linnaeus

Developed binomial nomenclature

means "two part name"

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Canis latrans

coyote

genus (group of species) species (specific)

Canis lupis (wolf)

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King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup!

Wolf vs Human

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What are the Kingdoms?

Archaebacteria

Bacteria

Protists

Fungus

Plants

Animals

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Domain System

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Archaea and Bacteria

No nucleus

Small Cells

One-celled

Asexual reproduction

Cell wall

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Cells walls made of different material

Archaea live in "extreme" environments

Differences

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Eukarya

Nucleus

Larger cells

Most are multicellular

Includes protists, fungi, plants and animals

No cell wall

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What about viruses?

Viruses can make us sick

Not living

Why?