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• Ordered Government– Gov’t was needed to maintain peace
• Limited Government***********– Gov’t is not all powerful
– Power is limited to what the people give to it
• Representative Government– Gov’t should serve the will of the people
– people have the responsibility to participate
Magna Carta 1215
Barons forced King John I to sign
Protection rights of the people
Trial by jury
Protected life, liberty, & property
Limited power of the king http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?title=Magna_
Carta&video_id=114193
• The P of R– Limited the power of the
king even more
– Trial by jury
– No boarding of troops in private homes
• Right to petition the king
• Fair trial
• No excessive bail
• No cruel of unusual punishment
The United States Built on
Changed
Added to the ideas of the English System of Gov’t
Established over a 125 year period for a variety of reasons
13 British Colonies VA,NC,SC,GA,MD,DE,P
A,RI,NJ,NY,CT,MA,NH
COLONY NAME YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BYReason
Virginia 1607 London Company Trade
Massachusetts 1620 Puritans Religious Freedom
New Hampshire 1623 John Wheelwright Freedom from harsh rules in MA
Maryland 1634 Lord Baltimore Religious Freedom for Catholics
Connecticut c. 1635 Thomas Hooker Religious Freedom
Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams Religious Freedom
Delaware 1638Peter Minuit and New
Sweden Co.
Trade
North Carolina 1653 VirginiansTrade
South Carolina 1663 Eight Nobles Trade
New Jersey 1664Lord Berkeley and Sir
George Carteret
Trade
New York 1664 Duke of York Trade
Pennsylvania 1682 William PennTrade & religious freedom for Quakers
Georgia 1732James Edward
Oglethorpe
Debtors, Buffer against FL, religious freedom
Royal- Colony under the direct
control of the king
King named a Governor
*Strict Control*
8 of 13 colonies
Proprietary- 3 Organized by a person to whom
the king had given the land
Gov’t similar to royal colonies except the proprietor chose the Governor
Ex. Pennsylvania Owned by William Penn
Quaker
King owed money
Gave land in America
Charter- 2 Charter given to the colonists to
establish a colony
Self Governing- elected their own governor and legislature
had the most freedom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETroXvRFoKY
1st founding document
Written by T. Jefferson and revised by Congress
Natural rights of all Men- Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness
Government should guarantee those rights If not get rid of it
Popular Sovereignty- People are the source of governments power
First Government of the US
Confederation- alliance of independent states
Very weak central government Most power held by the states
States ignored the central government
Not Strong enough to hold the country together!
1.What was the Articles of Confederation?
2.What was the sole body created by the Articles?
3. Define Unicameral.
4. Why was Shay’s Rebellion so important to US History?
5. Which was a major weakness of the A of C? A. the economy was controlled by bankers
B. Farmers had too much power
C. the states had too little power
D. Congress could not tax the states
Confederation
Articles of Confederation
Ratification
Framers
Federalism
Federalist
Antifederalist
Unicameral
Bicameral
Delegate
Popular sovereignty
1787- Philadelphia Convention 55 Delegates from 12 of the 13 states met in Philadelphia to
revise the Article of Confederation
These delegates are known as the Framers
Decided to scrap the A of C and write a new Constitution
Not an easy process North vs. South Big States vs. Small States Industrial vs. Agricultural Strong Government vs. Weak Government
Many Compromises made Connecticut Compromise-
Determined how states would represented in Congress
Bicameral Congress House of Representatives- based on population
Senate – equal for all states
3/5 Compromise- allowed the South to count slaves as part of their population
Slaves counted 3/5th of a person
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise- No taxes on exports
No limit on the slave trade for 20 years
Ratification- to formally adopt
9 of 13 states required Federalists- supported the new Constitution
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, G. Washington
US needed strong central gov’t
Anti-Federalists- opposed the new Constitution Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, Thomas Jefferson
Too much power for the Central Gov’t and too little for the states
Take away our rights
Federalist Papers- articles written to explain the Constitution to the citizens of New York
To make the A.F. happy they promised to add a
Bill of Rights to the Constitution First 10 Amendments (changes) to the Constitution
Listed rights that the government could not take away
Civil Rights – rights that every citizen has.
