Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of

Life Part II:

Chemical ReactionsAcids and Bases

Inorganic Substances

Chemical Reactions

• Form or break bonds between atoms, molecules, or ions

• Parts of a chemical reaction:– Reactants

– Products

Chemical Reactions• Synthesis

• Decomposition

• Exchange Reaction

Chemical Reactions

• Reversible Reactions

• Catalysts– 1. – 2. – 3.

Acids, Bases, and Salts

• Electrolytes

Fig. 2.9

Acids, Bases, and Salts

• Acids:

• Bases:

• Salts:

– Basic Formula:

– Example:

Acids, Bases, and Salts

Acid and Base Concentrations

• pH scale-

0_______________7_______________14

Acidic Neutral Basic

(high [H+]) (low [H+])

• Each number (0-14) on the pH scale represents…

• Example: .1 grams H+/L = pH of _____ .001 grams H+/L =pH of _____

Acid and Base Concentrations

• Neutral 1.

2.

H2O H+ + OH-

• _________ solutions- [H+] > [OH-]

• _________ solutions- [H+] < [OH-]

Acid and Base Concentrations

Fig. 2.10

pH in the human body

• Normal blood pH: • Alkalosis:

– 1. – 2.

• Acidosis: – 1. – 2.

• Buffers:

Chemical Contents of Cells

• Organic substances– 1. – 2. – 3.

• Inorganic substances– 1.– 2.

Inorganic Substances• Water

– 1.– 2.

• Oxygen– 1.– 2.

• Carbon Dioxide• Inorganic Salts

– Ex.– 1.– 2.