Chapter 2
Chapter 2You do not take notes on slides outlined in red1Chapter
2 OverviewPhysical Science RefresherWaterpHQuest / pH
labPolymerization CarbohydratesCarbohydrate
labLipids/proteins/nucleic acidsMacromoleculesProtein
modelingEnzymes and ReactionsQuest/Enzyme labDefine
me!Atom-Element-Isotope-Compound-Ionic Compound-Ion-Covalent
Compound-
Atomic BasicsFocus on outer electrons
Metals-leftNonmetals-right
Bonding BasicsIonic BondMetal / nonmetalCreates ionsGive/take
electronsCovalent Bond2+ nonmetalsNo ionsShare electrons
PROCESS BOX 2-1Despite the fact that ionic bonding and covalent
bonding treat their electrons very differently, what similarities
do they have in regard to the end result?
3 LINE MINIMUM!Other forcesPolar covalent bondsUneven sharing of
electrons
Hydrogen BondsH and O or N
Van der Waals ForcesVery weak bondsOnly close contact
BondingPROCESS BOX 2-2The vast majority of compounds in your
body are made of the elements C,H,O,P,S, and N. Is most of our body
the result of ionic or covalent bonds? Explain.
3 LINE MINIMUM!
Properties of WaterWater has 6 important
propertiesPolarityHydrogen bondingAdhesionCohesionUniversal
SolventHigh Specific HeatFor each of the following 6 properties of
water you will be expected to:Label the PropertyDraw a Picture
depicting that propertyDefine or describe that propertyExplain why
that property is important to life
Your foldable is to be constructed in the following way:Fold two
pieces of paper longwise (landscape orientation or hotdog
fold).Staple them together as close to the top as possible
Water Properties FoldableWater Properties FoldableFront
CoverWater Properties (with your name)Other sideWater StructurePage
2PolarityH-bondingPage 3CohesionAdhesionPage 4SolventSpecific
HeatPropertyDefinitionImportanceTo Life
For each Property Flap
Left Side Right Side
PROCESS BOX 2-3Pick two of the water properties discussed and
explain how we simply could not function/exist without them
4 LINE MINIMUM!The pH ScaleReads from 0-14Measures [H+]0-7 acid;
7 neutral; 8-14 baseAcidBaseNeutral
Mastery?
PROCESS BOX 2-3Our body needs to be between a pH of 6.5 and 7.5
to normally function. How can you eat a grapefruit for breakfast
and not get ill?
2 LINE MINIMUM!MONOMERS and POLYMERSDEHYDRATION
SYNTHESISPOLYMERMONOMERHYDROLYSISFrom Small to BigDehydration
SynthesisMeaning?
What happens?ANIMATION 1ANIMATION 2
and Big to SmallHydrolysisMeaning?
What happens?ANIMATION 1ANIMATION 2
Sketch it outDehydration Synthesis
Needed?Hydrolysis
Needed?Mastery?PROCESS BOX 2-4In digestion, both dehydration
synthesis and hydrolysis are used. Explain when each process would
happen in your body and what it would do.
4 LINE MINIMUM!BiomoleculesThe Big 4Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic
Acids Proteins
For the biomoleculesYou will need to
knowFunctionElementsMonomersPolymersStructure
FEMPS
CarbohydratesFunction
ElementsMonomersPolymers
StructureCarbohydratesOther Carbohydrate FactsREMEMBER: CARBON
WATER
LipidsFunction
ElementsMonomersPolymers
Structure
LipidsOther Lipid Facts
PROCESS BOX 2-6Carbohydrates and Lipids both contain the same
basic elements. They are both also used for energy storage, but
they energy store differently. Look at their structures and predict
why this is possible
2 LINE MINIMUM!ProteinsFunction
ElementsMonomersPolymers
Structure
ProteinsOther Protein FactsREMEMBER: PROTEINS PERFORM
Nucleic AcidsFunction
ElementsMonomersPolymers
Structure
Nucleic AcidsOther Nucleic Acid Facts
ATPSpecial subgroup of DNAProvides energy for reactionsADP v.
ATP
PROCESS BOX 2-7PREDICT: There is a compound called adenosine
monophosphate (AMP). Knowing what you know about ADP and ATP,
predict the energy level of AMP.
2 LINE MINIMUM!
Mastery?CarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic AcidsATPChemical
ReactionsBonds React to Produce
Activation EnergyAbsorbRelease
Activation Energy is the Energy to Activate!EnzymesFunction
How?
Affected by:
PROCESS BOX 2-7Scientists use the Lock and Key analogy to
describe how an enzyme works. Using the picture below, create a
caption that mentions lock and key
2 LINE MINIMUM!
Go, Go Power Rangers (3 sec)Ron WassermanMighty Morphin Power
Rangers, track 311993Soundtrack3004.0847
