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CHAPTER 19 SECTION 1 TH E ROAD TO WAR

Chapter 19 Section 1

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Chapter 19 Section 1. The Road to War. Causes of World war i. June 28, 1914 Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in Bosnia Austria ruled Bosnia Gavrilo Princip, the man responsible, was a Serbian nationalist who believed Bosnia should be part of Serbia and not Austria - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chapter 19 Section 1

CHAPTER 19 SECTIO

N 1

TH E ROAD T

O WAR

Page 2: Chapter 19 Section 1

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I June 28, 1914 Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in

Bosnia Austria ruled Bosnia Gavrilo Princip, the man responsible, was a Serbian nationalist who believed

Bosnia should be part of Serbia and not Austria The assassination ignited what was already a decaying situation Other main causes to the War were: imperialism, nationalism, militarism, and

tangled country alliances Imperialism:

Great rush for colonies during the 1800sJapan had won the Sino-Japanese was in 1895 and became a colonial power

Acquired Korea, Taiwan, and parts of mainland ChinaGermany realized that the only way for expansion was to take land away

from other countries

Page 3: Chapter 19 Section 1

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I Militarism: - aggressive build up of a nation’s armed forces in preparation

of war and giving the military more authority the government and foreign policy

Germany, France, Britain, Austria, Hungary, and Russia all prepared for war making war more likely

Nationalism: - devotion to one’s country Austria and Germany governed millions of Czechs, Slovaks, Pole, and other

non-German speaking peoples that ultimately wanted to be a separate country This led to tensions within the countries themselves Alliances: Bound countries to come to another’s aid in the event of war German and Austria were allied. France and Russia were allied. France and

England were allied.

Page 4: Chapter 19 Section 1

ALLIANCES DURING WWI

Page 5: Chapter 19 Section 1

THE CONFLICT EXPANDS Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination of Ferdinand – declared

war on July 28, 1914 Set off a chain reaction of mobilization – readying troops for war Russia (Serbia’s protector) began mobilizing – Germany (Austria-Hungary’s

ally) warned Russia to stop – they refused France (Russia’s ally) began mobilizing, as did Germany – August 1st Germany

declared war on Russia which meant France declared war on Germany Germany, as you can see on the map on the previous page is between

France and Russia… to avoid having to fight both at the same time – they developed the Schlieffen Plan – a quick attack through France to push them out of the war

Having to pass through neutral Belgium brought Britain into the war on August 4th

Sides were divided into two: Germany and Austria-Hungary as the Central Powers, and Russia, Serbia, France, and Great Britain as the Allies

Page 6: Chapter 19 Section 1

WORLD CONFLICT The sweep through France was met by British and French forces that

resulted in a bloody stalemate – situation in which neither side gains advantage

Trenches were dug out and created appalling death tolls and rat infested areas

Between the trenches was a “no man’s land” and neither side gained more than a few miles. – This was an extremely horrible site and horrible warfare

Russians invaded Germany’s east side causing forces to be pulled from the west to push back an invasion

At the end of 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, Italy joined the Allies, and the next year (1915) Bulgaria joined the Central Powers

Page 7: Chapter 19 Section 1

MODERN WARFARE The machine gun was a new brutal invention that mowed down

advancing forces Generals, having never seen such weaponry, ordered many soldiers

to attempt advance – only to lose thousands of soldiers Poison gases, and artillery shells constantly rained down upon

soldiers in trenches Most Americans opposed the Central Powers British journalists began writing propaganda – information intended

to sway public opinion – in order to have others join their cause America remained neutral – between 1897 and 1914 - saw their

trade multiply by five Still, even with staying out of the war, the country began preparing

for war by training soldiers for combat