Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 19, part A. The Kidneys. About this Chapter. Anatomy of the excretory system How the kidney is organized How the nephron works to filter blood, recycle, secrete, and excrete How filtration is regulated Urination reflex. Kidney Functions: Overview. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Dee Unglaub Silverthorn, Ph.D.
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGYHUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation byDr. Howard D. Booth, Professor of Biology, Eastern Michigan University
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH
T H I R D E D I T I O N
Chapter 19, part AThe Kidneys
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
About this ChapterAbout this Chapter
• Anatomy of the excretory system
• How the kidney is organized
• How the nephron works to filter blood, recycle, secrete, and excrete
• How filtration is regulated
• Urination reflex
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Homeostatic regulation: ECF volume, osmolarity, ion & pH balance
• Excretion: Metabolic wastes & foreign molecules
• Regulating hormones & enzymes
Kidney Functions: OverviewKidney Functions: Overview
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Kidney Functions: OverviewKidney Functions: Overview
Figure 19-3: The excretion of a substance depends on the amount that was filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Excretory System: Anatomy ReviewExcretory System: Anatomy Review
Figure 19-1: Anatomy Summary: The Urinary System
• Kidney
• Cortex
• Medulla
• Pelvis
• Nephrons
• Ureter
• Bladder
• Urethra
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Nephron Functions: OverviewNephron Functions: Overview
• Filtration, reabsorption, secretion & excretion
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Nephron Functions: OverviewNephron Functions: Overview
Figure 19-2: Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood FiltrationGlomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration
• Capillaries
• Podocytes
• Mesanglial cells
• Bulk flow
• Solutes
• Water
• (Few proteins)
• (Not cells)
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood FiltrationGlomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration
Figure 19-4: Structure of the renal corpuscle
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR)Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR)
Figure 19-6: Filtration pressure in the renal corpuscle
• Capillary
• Hydrostatic pressure
• Colloidal
• Capsule pressure
• Back pressure
• Net Filtration p
• GFR 180L/day (about 1% is excreted)
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR)Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR)
Figure 19-5: The filtration fraction
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Regulation of GFRRegulation of GFR
• Autoregulation• Myogenic stretch• Tubuloglomerular feedback
• Macula densa• J G cells
• ANS-Sympathetic• Arteriole vasoconstriction• Hormones/paracrines
• Angiotensin II• Prostaglandins
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Regulation of GFRRegulation of GFR
Figure 19-9: The juxtaglomerular apparatus
