Chapter 19NoncommunicableDiseases

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Lesson 4Diabetes and Arthritis

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Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.

diabetesA disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy

A protein made in the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose in the blood

insulin

A condition in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

type 1diabetes

A condition in which the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces

type 2diabetes

arthritisA disease of the joints marked by a painful swelling and stiffness

A chronic disease that results from a breakdown in cartilage in the joints

osteoarthritis

A chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness of the joints

rheumatoidarthritis

In this lesson, you will learn to

describe the different types of diabetes.

identify different types of arthritis.

explain how to manage diabetes and arthritis.

Organizing Information

Create a table that helps you sort the information about

diabetes and arthritis that appears in this lesson.

Noncommunicable Diseases Types

Diabetes

Arthritis

Ways to Manage

What Is Diabetes?

People who have diabetes are referred to as diabetics.

diabetes A disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy

What Is Diabetes?

Diabetics’ bodies do not produce or properly use insulin.

insulin A protein made in the pancreases that regulates the level of glucose in the blood

Your body uses insulin to convert the food you eat into the energy that your body’s cells need.

What Is Diabetes?

Your body breaks down food into glucose, a simple sugar.

The pancreas releases insulin, which allows glucose from the blood to enter cells

throughout the body.

Diabetics either do not produce enough

natural insulin, or cannot properly use their insulin

to move glucose into their cells.

Types of Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes often starts in childhood.

Type 1 diabetes A condition in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

When the cells that produce insulin are killed, the body cannot control how much glucose is in the bloodstream.

Types of Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes usually starts in adulthood, but it is becoming more and more common among children and teens.

Type 2 diabetes A condition in which the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces

Obese people and physically inactive people are especially at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

Managing Diabetes

People with Type 1 diabetes usually need to regularly inject insulin into their bodies.

Or, they may receive insulin from a pump attached to their bodies.

Managing Diabetes

People with Type 2 may also need insulin or other medications.

People with either type of diabetes can help control their disease by making healthy food choices, managing their weight, and becoming physically active.

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Chapter 19NoncommunicableDiseases

Lesson 4Diabetes and Arthritis

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>> Chapter 19 Assessment