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Chapter 15International Education
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Common Elements in Education Around the World
• Social-Class Link to School Success• Multicultural Populations and Problems• Teaching Approaches and Conditions
– Frustrations with time pressure, conflicting demands, unsupportive administrators
– Rewards from student relationships and accomplishments
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Differences Among Educational Systems Around the World
• National Resources Devoted to Education• Extent of Centralization• Curriculum Content and Instructional Emphases• Vocational versus Academic Education• Enrollment in Higher Education• Nonpublic Schools• Achievement Levels
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Elementary School Enrollment Worldwide
• Developed countries: nearly 100% enrollment. • Less developed regions (most of Africa, the Arab
states, much of Asia, Latin America): only about 80% enrollment
• A few underdeveloped nations (such as Liberia and Sudan): less than 40% enrollment
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Higher Education Enrollment Worldwide
• Many developing nations enroll less than 20% of their young people in higher education.
• Most industrial nations provide postsecondary education for more than a third of their young adults.
• U.S. no longer in the lead in enrollment in higher education.
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Conclusions of International Researchers
• National scores in subjects such as reading, math, and science tend to be highly correlated: nations that score well in one subject area tend to score well in the other areas too.
• On average, U.S. students scored well below students in the highest-scoring nations. However, the U.S. has a much greater spread between low- and high-performing students, and the performance of high-achieving U.S. students is comparable to that of the highest performers in other nations.
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• Social class is strongly correlated with test scores in nearly all nations.
• Instructional characteristics (class size, instruction time, teacher experience, amount of homework) generally are not correlated with test scores.
• Compared with other nations, U.S. curricula are “a mile wide and an inch deep.”
• Improving performance of U.S. students will require systemic change.
Conclusions of International Researchers (cont.)
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Problems inDeveloping Countries
• National poverty limits educational investments• Multiple languages and multiethnic populations
pose special challenges• “Brain drain” fueled by a lack of high-paying jobs
