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1865-1877. CHAPTER 15. IN THE WAKE OF WAR: CONSOLIDATING A TRIUMPHANT UNION. CREATED EQUAL JONES WOOD MAY BORSTELMANN RUIZ. “The Black Hills belong to me. If the whites try to take them, I will fight.”. Sitting Bull. TIMELINE. 1865Freedman’s Bureau - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
CHAPTER 15IN THE WAKE OF WAR:
CONSOLIDATING A TRIUMPHANT UNION
1865-1877
CREATED EQUAL
JONES WOOD MAY BORSTELMANN RUIZ
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
“The Black Hills belong to me. If the whites try to take them, I will fight.”
Sitting Bull
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TIMELINE1865 Freedman’s Bureau
Andrew Johnson, President
Thirteenth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment passed
Sherman promises 40 acres and a mule
1866 Ku Klux Klan formed
The Mineral Act
The Southern Homestead Act
The Equal Rights Association
The National Labor Union founded
1867 Reconstruction Act passed by Congress
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TIMELINE continued1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected President
Custer’s massacre at Washita River
Burlingame Treaty
1869 Fifteenth Amendment passed
1871 Ku Klux Klan Act passed by Congress
Whitman’s “Democratic Vistas”
1872 The Apex Mining Act
Yellowstone Park created
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
TIMELINE continued1873 The Timbur Culture Act
Nationwide Depression
1875 Civil Rights Act
1876 Presidential Election (Tilden-Hayes)
1877 Desert Land Act
1878 Greenback Labor Party formed
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
IN THE WAKE OF WAR Overview
The Struggle over the SouthClaiming Territory for the UnionThe Republican Vision and Its
Limits
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
THE STRUGGLE OVER THE SOUTH
Wartime Preludes to Postwar PoliciesPresidential Reconstruction, 1865–1867The Southern Postwar Labor ProblemBuilding Free CommunitiesCongressional, or “Radical,”
Reconstruction
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies
Rehearsals for RestorationThe Sea Islands of Port Royal Sound, South CarolinaNew Orleans, southern Louisiana
Pledges and OathsThe Ten Percent Plan: New government for states
for 10% pledge of allegiance
The Wade-Davis Bill: Requires majority to take loyalty vote
The Freedmen’s Bureau
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Presidential Reconstruction, 1865–1867
Andrew Johnson’s proclamationsReport on the Condition of the SouthBlack codes
State laws with vague provisions used to imprison blacks or enforce labor
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Presidential Reconstruction Continued
The Thirteenth AmendmentThe Fourteenth AmendmentCarpetbaggers and scalawagsKu Klux KlanNovember, 1866: Republicans gain
majority in both houses
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Southern Postwar Labor Problem
The Freedman’s BureauLiaison between freed people and southern
whitesFree labor system with annual contracts
General Sherman’s Field Order Number 15Forty acres and a mule
Sharecroppers
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Building Free CommunitiesThe new order
Public accommodation lawsBlack conventionsThe ability to vote, own land, and
educate childrenSelf-help organizations and black
churchesValued family ties
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Radical Reconstruction
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Congressional, or “Radical” Reconstruction
Reconstruction Act of 1867, Tenure of Office Act, Command of the Army ActDenied vote to thousands of former
confederatesConfederate states must ratify 14th
amendment to be in UnionGuaranteed black men the vote
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Reconstruction continuedUnion Leagues and black elected
officialsJohnson impeachment: 1868Grant elected in November, 1868The Fifteenth Amendment
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
CLAIMING TERRITORY FOR THE UNION
Federal Military Campaigns Against Plains Indians
The Postwar Western Labor ProblemLand Use in an Expanding NationBuying Territory for the Union
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Federal Military Campaigns Against Plains Indians
1871: Federal government seeks to subdue Native Americans
Railroad expansionThe Native American struggle
GeronimoCuster’s massacre at Washita riverRed Cloud’s peace delegationsSitting Bull: “The Black Hills belong to me.”The Little Big Horn
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
High Plains Indian Wars, 1865–1900
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Postwar Western Labor Problem
1865: Central Pacific goes eastCentral Pacific imports Chinese
laborers1867: 5000 Chinese laborers strike1870: 40,000 Chinese in California and
less 70,000 Indians
Agribusiness’ growth in the West
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Land Use in an Expanding Nation
The Santa Fe RingRailroads, minerals, and cattleThe Apex Mining Act of 1872The National Parks system
John Muir and Jay Cooke
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Buying Territory for the Union
America expandingThe Alaska purchase
$7.2 million for 591,004 acres full of fish, timber, minerals, and water power
The failed annexation of the Dominican Republic
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
THE REPUBLICAN VISION AND ITS LIMITS
Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement
Worker’s OrganizationsPolitical Corruption and the
Demise of Republican Idealism
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement
1866: Equal Rights Association1869: National Woman Suffrage
AssociationStanton, Anthony, Stone and Truth1872: Victoria Woodhull forms
Equal Rights Party and runs for President
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Worker’s Organizations1867: National Grange of the Patrons
of Husbandry 1866: National Labor Union1868: Colored National Labor Union1869: Knights of Labor1878: Greenback Labor Party
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
Political Corruption and the Demise of Republican Idealism
1870’s: Tweed and Tammany Hall1872: Crédit Mobilier and
Congress1875: Whiskey Ring1876: The Hayes-Tilden
compromise
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Election of 1876Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican
Popular Vote: 4,036,572Electoral Vote: 185
Samuel J. Tilden, DemocratPopular Vote: 4,284,020Electoral Vote: 184
©2003 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
The Compromise of 1877