Chapter 14.1Growing Tensions Over Slavery

Key Terms and People• Popular sovereignty• Secede• Fugitive • Henry Clay• John Calhoun• Daniel Webster

Why It Matters• The Missouri Compromise of 1820 helped settle

the slavery issue for awhile• The Mexican War which added new territory will

stir the slavery issue again • This renewed the struggle over “states’ rights’

and slavery

Slavery and the Mexican-American War• Still Balanced: 1820-1846: 4 new free states and

4 slaveholding states entered in the Union

The Wilmot Proviso• Missouri Compromise only dealt with Louisiana

Territory• David Wilmot proposed that Congress ban any

slavery in the Mexican Cession• Passed the House of Representative but slide to a

stop in the Senate. Why?

The Antislavery Party• Rise of new political party arose over the issue or

problem of slavery• Democrats and Whigs would not take a stand on

slavery.

Why?

Popular Sovereignty• Proposed by Senator Cass of Michigan that

allowed people made the decision by voting rather or not there would be slavery.

• The Democrats and Whigs that wanted to address the problem of slavery formed the

Free-Soil

Party

Martin Van Buren Again

• Free-Soil Party chooses Martin Van Buren to be there candidate in the 1848 presidential elections

• They called for “free-soil” in the Mexican Cession

Zachary Taylor Wins

1848 Elections• Martin Van Buren: Free-Soil Party• Lewis Cass: Democrat• Zachary Taylor: Whig

Zachary Taylor

Bitter DebatePage 484

• California wants enter the Union as a free State• Upset the Balance• South will secede if admission into the Union will

upset the balance in the Senate• South also angry over the runaway slaves that

many Northerners helped escape • YOU HAVE STOLEN PROPERY and we want

them back.

Henry Clay saves the day!

• He proposed the Compromise of 1850• Daniel Webster supported this compromise• John C. Calhoun was clearly disagreed with this

compromise

Compromise of 1850• California becomes a Free State • The North will return slaves under the Fugitive

Slave Act: • Banned selling slaves in Washington, DC• Popular Sovereignty

Important stuff• Wilmot Proviso• Free-Soil Party• Proposed California statehood• Bitter Conflict over Slavery