How emotions influence attitudes and behavior

CHAPTER 14 MANAGING EMPLOYEEATTITUDE AND WELL-BEINGEmotions in the Workplace

So what are Emotions?Emotions are psychological, behavioral, and psychological episode experienced toward an object, person, or event that create a state of readiness.

AttitudesAttitudes are cluster of beliefs, assessed feelings, and behavioral intentions toward a person, object, or event. Three components of attitude:

Beliefs What you believe to be true.FeelingsRepresent positive or negative evaluations of the attitude object.Behavioral IntentionsRepresent your motivation to engage in a particular behavior with respect to the attitude.

How Emotions Influence Attitudes and Behavior

Essentially we automatically attach emotions to incoming information when it is received through our senses even though we have not consciously thought about it. These are not calculated feelings; they are automatic and unconscious emotional responses based on thin slices of sensory information.

Cognitive DissonanceAn uncomfortable tension experienced when behavior is inconsistent with our attitudes and tends to motivates people to change their attitudes so they are more consistent with the behavior.Job satisfaction

A persons evaluation of his or her job and work context. It is an appraisal of the perceived job characteristics, work environment, and emotional experiences at work.

ExitVoiceLoyaltyNeglect (EVLN) modelAs the name suggests, the EVLN model identifies four ways in which employees respond to dissatisfaction.

ExitRefers to leaving the organization, transferring to another work unit, or at least trying to make these exits.

VoiceRefers to any attempt to change, rather than escape from, a dissatisfying situation.

Loyalty This has been described in different ways. The most widely held view is that loyalists are employees who respond to dissatisfaction by patiently waitingsome say they suffer in silencefor a problem to work itself out or get resolved by others.

Neglect Includes reducing work effort, paying less attention to quality, and increasing absenteeism and lateness.

Organizational Commitment

Refers to an employees emotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in a particular organization.

Ways to Build Organizational LoyaltyJustice and supportShared values Trust Organizational comprehension Employee involvement

Work-Related Stress and Its Management

Stress An adaptive response to a situation that is perceived as challenging or threatening to a persons well-being.

Stressors

Include any environmental conditions that place a physical or emotional demand on a person.

Three most prevalent stressors:

Harassment and IncivilityWork OverloadLow Task Control

Managing Work-Related Stress

Personality Effects on Attitude and Well-Being

PersonalityRefers to the relatively stable pattern of behaviors and consistent internal states that explains a persons behavioral tendenciesBig Five Personality Dimensions

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