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Chapter 14
Lecture 1, Pages 435-440
Blood vessels
Blood goes through arteries to arterioles to capillaries to venules to veins into either inferior vena cava or superior vena cava at the heart
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Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart toward the capillaries
Will carry bright red oxygenated blood with one exception, the pulmonary artery
Largest artery is the aorta
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Arteries
Made of an outer layer of connective tissue (tunica externa) and middle layer of smooth muscle (tunica media)Smooth muscle will contract to help move blood along & maintain blood pressureMuch thicker in arteries than in veinsMost of the force is supplied by the heart
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Arterioles
Small arteries that help maintain bp
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Capillaries
Exchange substances with the cells
Fluid, sugar, oxygen, wastes, carbon dioxide
Smallest of blood vessels (microscopic)
One cell thick membrane
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Capillaries
Carry blood from tiny arterioles into tiny venules
There is an exchange between blood & tissue fluid around the cells
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Veins
Collect blood from capillaries & take it back to the heart
Will carry “blue” unoxygenated blood with one exception, the pulmonary veins
Also made of connective tissue and smooth muscle but not as thick or as strong as arteries
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Veins
Veins do not have the force of the heart behind the blood (the pressure is lost in the capillaries)Gravity, skeletal muscle contractions around the veins, and the veins contracting some themselves help push blood back to the heart
Veins
Veins have one-way valves to prevent blood from backing up & making sure it keeps moving toward the heart
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Some major arteries and veinsSee figures 14-2 and 14-3, pages 438 & 439, and tables 14-1 and 14-2, pages 437 & 440
Know locationSome major arteries and veins previously mentioned in Chapter 13 have been left out here.
Arteries
Facial
Mouth, pharynx, face
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Common carotid
In neck to head pulse
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Subclavian
Upper extremity
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Celiac
Stomach, spleen & liver
Splenic
spleen
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Renal
kidney
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Superior mesenteric
Sm. Intestine, first part of lg. intestine
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Inferior mesenteric
Lower part of lg. intestine
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Axillary
armpit
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Brachial
Arm
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Radial
Lateral side of hand (thumb side)pulse QuickTime™ and a
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Ulnar
Medial side of hand (little finger side)
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Internal & external iliac
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Femoral
thigh
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Popliteal
Leg & foot (behind knee)
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Anterior tibial
leg
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Veins
External jugular
Head & neck
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Subclavian
Upper extremities
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Hepatic portal
Liver & gall bladder
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Cephalic
Lateral arm
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Basilic
Medial arm
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Median cubital
Between cephalic vein & basilic vein
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Femoral
thigh
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Great saphenous
Leg*Superficial, longest vein in the bodyUsed in bypass surgeries
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Anterior tibial
Anterior leg, dorsal foot
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