Chapter 13

Your Body Systems

Lesson 5Your Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

Building Vocabulary

endocrine systemThe system of glands throughout the body that regulate body functions

glandA group of cells, or an organ, that secretes a chemical substance

metabolism The process by which the body gets energy from food

pituitary glandA gland that signals other endocrine glands to produce hormones when needed

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

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Your Endocrine System

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

The endocrine system sends messages to the body through the blood in the form of hormones.

endocrine system The system of glands throughout the body that regulate body functions

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New Vocabulary

Your Endocrine System

metabolism The process by which the body gets energy from food

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

A gland produces hormones, which are chemical substances that help to regulate the way your body functions. For example, the thyroid gland controls metabolism.

gland A group of cells, or an organ, that secretes a chemical substance

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New Vocabulary

New Vocabulary

Glands and Hormones

pituitary gland A gland that signals other endocrine glands to produce hormones when needed

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

The major glands of the endocrine system include the• pituitary gland.• thyroid.• parathyroid.• adrenals.• hypothalamus.• thymus.• pancreas.

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New Vocabulary

Glands and Hormones

pituitary gland A gland that signals other endocrine glands to produce hormones when needed

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

Glands produce specific hormones, which travel through the bloodstream to cells that need them. Some hormones are produced continuously, while others are produced at certain times.

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New Vocabulary

Problems of the Endocrine System

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

Diabetes

Type 1

Occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin.

People with type 1 diabetes need to take extra insulin to help control their

blood sugar.

Type 2

Occurs when the body cannot properly use the insulin it produces.

Type 2 diabetes is preventable. Maintain a healthy weight and stay physically active to help prevent it.

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Problems of the Endocrine System

LESSON 5

Your Endocrine and Reproductive SystemsBIG IDEA Your body has glands and organs that allow it to function and reproduce.

Overactive or underactive thyroid

Underactive thyroid

hypothyroidism

Thyroid gland is not making enough hormones.

Overactive thyroid

hyperthyroidism

Thyroid gland makes too many hormones.

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