8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

1/33

Wireless Networking

Chapter 12

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

2/33

Chapter 122

Chapter Objectives

Identify wireless networking

Compare wireless and wired network

Explain the different wireless standards List the components required for wireless

networking

Discuss the various applications of wireless

networking Troubleshoot wireless network problems

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

3/33

Chapter 123

Recall

Structured Cabling is a set of standards thatdetermine how to create a central point to start thewiring for data or voice communications

The subsystems of structured cabling systems: Entrance Facilities

Equipment Room

Telecommunications Room

Backbone Cabling

Horizontal Cabling

Administration and Work Area Conduits are plastic pipes that run through wall plate

to wiring closet and between the wiring closets

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

4/33

Chapter 124

Wireless Networking Basics

Wireless networking allows

you to establish:

Communication using

standard network protocols

Communication without the

use of cables

Technologies used for

wireless access based on

Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)

Home Radio Frequency

(HomeRF)

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

5/33

Chapter 125

Types of Wireless NetworkI

Peer-to-Peer(P2P) or Ad-Hoc Connected wirelessly with the use of wireless

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Computers can access printers and share files

Wired LAN can be accessed using bridging

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

6/33

Chapter 126

Types of Wireless NetworkII

Access point or

Infrastructure wireless LAN

Wireless device connects

to the access point to

connect to the network

Access point acts as a

hub to connect two

wireless devices

Wireless bridge used toconnect wireless network

to wired network

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

7/33

Chapter 127

Wireless Standards

Variety of standards accepted worldwide andoffer different levels of security

Wireless

Standards

IEEE 802.11 Bluetooth IrDA HomeRF WiMAX

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

8/33

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

9/33

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

10/33

Chapter 1210

IEEE 802.11III

Security

Four methods of wireless network security:

Data encryption (WEP and WPA)

Port based access control Service Set Identifier (SSID)

Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

11/33

Chapter 1211

Components Requirements

The important components required for setting up a

wireless network are:

Medium

Access point and Extension point Wireless bridges and Power line bridges

Antennas

Wireless adapters

Wireless Station and Server

Software

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

12/33

Chapter 1212

Medium

Wireless medium is an unguided form of networkingmedium

Wireless transmission involves use of technologies such

as Bluetooth, Infrared, Lasers, Radio signals and

Microwave technologies Mobile computing allows users to do their work at any

location

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

13/33

Chapter 12 13

Access Point and Extension Point

Access Point

Device that bridges a wireless connection and a

wired connection

Two types of access points: Hardware access pointsand Software access points

Extension Point

Used if single access point is not able to cover entire

area

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

14/33

Chapter 12 14

Hardware Access Points

Hardware access point is a physical device that isused to establish a connection between a wired

network and a wireless network

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

15/33

Chapter 12 15

Software Access Points

Software Access Points are computer whichincludes a wireless network interface card.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

16/33

Chapter 12 16

Extension Point

Extension points are used if a single accesspoint is not able to cover the entire area.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

17/33

Chapter 12 17

Wireless and Power-line bridges

Wireless bridge

Used to connect two or

more wireless networks

Power-line bridge

Used to penetrate a

wireless network that is

otherwise difficult to

penetrate

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

18/33

Chapter 12 18

Antennas and Adapters

Antennas are used to increase the range of wirelessnetwork

Types of antennas used: Omnidirectional antennas - Used indoors and small in

size

Directional antennas - High gain and used for longrange outdoor use

Wireless adapters help to connect computer or PDAto a network

Wireless adapters are available as PC cards, PCIand mini PCI, USB, and CompactFlash.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

19/33

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

20/33

Chapter 12 20

Software

Wireless network adapter requires two types of

software so as to function properly:

Driver

Configuration Utility

Windows XP has built-in tools for configuring

network adapter settings

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

21/33

Chapter 12 21

Case Study 1

Hyderabad branch of MoneyMaker bank has a

wireless network setup in the whole office. Network

administrator Smith identifies that the signal strengthin the insurance department is slightly weak as

compared to other parts of the office. It provides

poor connectivity to the wireless devices present in

that department.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

22/33

Chapter 12 22

Problem

Signal strength is slightly weak

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

23/33

Chapter 12 23

Suggested Solution

Access point is away from the insurance department.

Smith can connect an extension point to the existing

access point to increase the range of the wirelessnetwork. If the problem still exists then add an access

point.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

24/33

Chapter 12 24

Application

Common applications of wireless technologies:

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)

Mobile Computing

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

25/33

Chapter 12 25

TroubleshootingI

Wire and Wireless Adapter

Software Troubleshooting - Wireless adapter

configuration utility and wireless APs firmware version

Driver Compatibility

Low signal strengthCan be solved with:

Interference

Installing repeater

Changing Antenna Installing Window XP Service Pack 2

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

26/33

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

27/33

Chapter 12 27

Case Study 2

The MoneyMaker banksHyderabad branch office has

setup a wireless network. The network engineer Smith

receives complains about slow connectivity from anemployee whose computer is located slightly far away

from the access point.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

28/33

Chapter 12 28

Problem

Low signal strength

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

29/33

Chapter 12 29

Suggested Solution

Smith should try placing the access point at a centrallocation far away from physical obstructions andmirrors. He can also change the position of the

antenna sideways or downwards just to check if thereis better reception. He can also replace the antennawith a high gain antenna or install a repeater totroubleshoot the problem if there is no success in theprevious solution.

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

30/33

Chapter 12 30

SummaryI

Peer-to-peer and ad-hoc access point wireless LAN are

types of wireless networks

802.11 is a standard which was developed by Institute of

Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) for defining all

aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking

IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g

and IEEE 802.11n are the different IEEE 802.11 standards

Methods of wireless network security are Wired Equivalent

Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), Service SetIdentifier (SSID), Media Access Control (MAC) address

filtering and Port Based Access Control: 802.1x

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

31/33

Chapter 12 31

SummaryII

Bluetooth is a radio standard and communication protocolwith low power consumption and short range oftransmission and reception

Bluetooth 1.0 and 1.0B, Bluetooth 1.1, Bluetooth 1.2, andBluetooth 2.0 are the different Bluetooth standards

Bluetooth devices operate in a master/slave scheme wherein the master device can controls up to seven active slavedevices

The Bluetooth devices go through four different stagesbefore starting a communication: device discovery, name

discovery, association and service discovery The various services that are supported by Bluetooth are

known as profiles and there are 13 Bluetooth services

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

32/33

Chapter 12 32

SummaryIII

IrDA is the example of free space optical communicationover a short range

IrPHY, IrLAP, IrLMP, Tiny TP, IrCOMM, IrOBEX, and IrLAN

are the different layers of IrDA specifications

In Infrared the two devices must be configured in an ad-hocmode thereby making it more vulnerable to interference

Infrastructure mode is not available in infrared

communication

Security features like encryption and decryption are notavailable in IrDA

Microwave and Radio Frequency (RF) are the medium for

wireless networking

8/12/2019 Chapter 12 vN.2

33/33

Chapter 12 33

SummaryIV

Hardware access points and Software access points arethe two types of access points

Wireless bridge is used to connect two or more wireless or

wired networks

Antennas are used to increase the range of the wirelessnetwork

Wireless adapter card helps to connect the computer or a

laptop to a wireless network

Devices that can connect to the wireless network through awireless medium are known as Wireless stations

Wireless server is the main server that is connected to the

wired network