Chapter 12 Chapter 12

Section 1Section 1

(22 Slides)(22 Slides)

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The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty

581 – 618 A.D.581 – 618 A.D.

founded by General Wendi founded by General Wendi

POSITIVE:POSITIVE:

Wendi won many battles Wendi won many battles

Wendi reunited ChinaWendi reunited China2

The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty

Wendi DiedWendi Died

Wendi’s son took the throneWendi’s son took the throne

YangdiYangdiPOSITIVE:POSITIVE:

rebuilt the Great Wallrebuilt the Great Wall

built the Grand Canalbuilt the Grand Canal

united & strengthened China’s economyunited & strengthened China’s economy3

The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty

YangdiYangdiNEGATIVE:NEGATIVE:

building projects forced farmers to work on building projects forced farmers to work on the Great Wall & Grand Canalthe Great Wall & Grand Canal

people had to pay high taxes for projectspeople had to pay high taxes for projects

farmers revoltedfarmers revolted

army takes control & kills Yangdiarmy takes control & kills Yangdi

Sui Dynasty ends in 618 A.D.Sui Dynasty ends in 618 A.D. 4

The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty

618 – 907 A.D.618 – 907 A.D.

one of Yangdi’s generals took controlone of Yangdi’s generals took control

Changan = Capital CityChangan = Capital City

rulers tried different reforms to improve rulers tried different reforms to improve China’s governmentChina’s government reformreform – change intended to bring – change intended to bring

improvementsimprovements

used Civil Service Examsused Civil Service Exams5

The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty

Emperor TaizongEmperor Taizong

Tang’s most powerful emperorTang’s most powerful emperor

restored Civil Service Examrestored Civil Service Exam

POSITIVE:POSITIVE:

gave land to farmersgave land to farmers

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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty

Empress WuEmpress Wu

only woman to lead China on her ownonly woman to lead China on her own

POSITIVE:POSITIVE:

added officials to China’s governmentadded officials to China’s government

strengthened China’s military forcesstrengthened China’s military forces

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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty

POSITIVEPOSITIVE::regained much power in Asiaregained much power in Asiaexpanded its territoryexpanded its territorycontrolled Tibetcontrolled Tibetcontrolled Silk Roadcontrolled Silk Roadcontrolled northern Vietnamcontrolled northern Vietnamreceived Tribute from Koreareceived Tribute from Koreapowerful Economypowerful Economyat first allowed Buddhismat first allowed Buddhism

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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty

NEGATIVENEGATIVE::

later destroyed many Buddhist monasteries & later destroyed many Buddhist monasteries & temples (change to mostly Confucianism)temples (change to mostly Confucianism)

nomadic Turks took over Silk Roadnomadic Turks took over Silk Road

greatly damaged China’s economygreatly damaged China’s economy

Tibet RevoltsTibet Revolts

farmers Revoltfarmers Revolt

disorder Ends the Tang in 907 A.D.disorder Ends the Tang in 907 A.D.

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The Song DynastyThe Song Dynasty

960 – 1279960 – 1279general declares himself emperor & sets up general declares himself emperor & sets up Song DynastySong Dynastyofficial Belief System = neo-Confucianismofficial Belief System = neo-Confucianismused Civil Service Examsused Civil Service Exams

POSITIVEPOSITIVE::economic Prosperityeconomic Prosperitycultural Achievementscultural Achievements

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The Song DynastyThe Song Dynasty

NEGATIVE:NEGATIVE:not enough soldiers to control vast empirenot enough soldiers to control vast empireTibet broke away from ChinaTibet broke away from Chinanomads took over much of northern Chinanomads took over much of northern Chinaforced to move capital to Hangzhouforced to move capital to Hangzhoucorruption in governmentcorruption in governmentwealthy merchants failed to pay taxeswealthy merchants failed to pay taxesMongols end the rule of SongMongols end the rule of Song

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CHINESE BUDDHISM

early Tang rulers – religious tolerance allowed Buddhism to be practiced supported building of temples

monks & nuns lived in monasteries ran schools provided rooms & food for travelers served as bankers provided medical care

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OPPOSITION TO BUDDHISM

wrong to accept donations

monks & nuns weakened respect for family life (not allowed to marry)

Tang officials feared growing power enemy of Chinese traditions destroyed temples & monasteries (A.D. 845) Buddhism never recovered

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KOREA

A.D. 200 Divided into three kingdoms lasted several hundred years

A.D. 300 Buddhism brought to Korea

A.D. 660 united into one country

government supported Buddhism grew stronger

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JAPAN

legend a Korean king writes to Japan’s emperor

“…most excellent of all teachings” sent statue of Buddha

over time, won many followers

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CONFUCIANISM

system of beliefs introduced by Confucius“great thinker”taught people needed to have a sense of duty to family & community in order to bring peace to societygood government depended on wise leadersCivil service exams product of Confucian ideas

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CONFUCIANISM

fall of Han Dynasty

no national government

no civil service examinations

Confucianism lost support

Buddhism wins many followers spiritual message

Tang & Song rulers bring Confucianism back into favor

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NEO-CONFUCIANISM

new kind of Confucianismcreated to reduce Buddhism’s popularitytaught life in this world just as important as the afterlifefollowers expected to

take part in life help others

criticized Buddhist ideaspicked up some Buddhist & Daoist beliefsDaoist – people should turn to nature & give up worldly concerns

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NEO-CONFUCIANISM

To many Chinese, Confucianism… became a religion about spiritual world taught followers …

would find peace of mind

live in harmony with nature

Song Dynasty supported neo-Confucianism adopted as official philosophy, or belief

system19

SCHOLAR-OFFICIALSbureaucracy based on merit system

people accepted for what they can do not on their riches or personal contacts

civil service examinations used to hire government officials tested knowledge of Confucian writings only men allowed to take tests only rich could afford to have sons study for the tests passing tests difficult only one in five passed those who failed never given government job

found jobs helping officials or taught 20

SCHOLAR-OFFICIALS

examination system created a new wealthy class made up of scholar-officials

strict rules set them apart from society no physical work students taught to never use their hands

except for painting or writing

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