Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment

Lesson 5First Aid for Emergencies

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Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.

first aid

rescue breathing

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR

abdominal thrust

The care first given to an injured or ill personuntil regular medical care can be supplied

A substitute for normal breathing in which someone forces air into the victim’s lungs

A rescue measure that attempts to restore heartbeat and breathing

Quick upward pulls into the diaphragm to force out the object blocking the airway

poison control center

first-degree burn

second-degree burn

third-degree burn

A community agency that helps people deal with poisoning emergencies

A burn in which only the outer part of the skin in burned and turns red

A burn in which the damaged area blisters or peels

A very serious burn in which deeper layers of skin and nerve endings are damaged

In this lesson, you will learn to

name strategies for responding to emergencies.

describe how you can help someone who is bleeding.

identify the universal sign for choking.

explain how to help a burn victim.

Sequencing

Choose two of the emergencies described in the lesson. For each, make a flow chart showing the steps in treating the emergency.

Giving First Aid

Giving first-aid can mean the difference between life and death.

first aid The care first given to an injured or ill person until regular medical care can be supplied

Giving First Aid

Check Call Care

Life Threatening Emergencies

A victim’s life is in danger if the person:

has stoppedbreathing

has noheartbeat

is bleedingseverely

is choking has swallowedpoison

has beenseverely burned

Rescue Breathing and CPR

If the victim is not breathing, perform rescue breathing.

rescue breathing A substitute for normal breathing in which someone forces air into the victims lungs

Rescue Breathing and CPR

Rescue Breathing and CPR

A life-saving technique for victims whose hearts have stopped beating is cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) A rescue measure that attempts to restore heartbeat and breathing

First Aid for Severe Bleeding

When treating a victim with severe bleeding, take precautions to limit touching another person’s blood.

Wear gloves if possible and always wash your hands afterward.

First Aid for Severe Bleeding

Tips for treating a victim with sever bleeding include:

Lie the person down.

Elevate the wounded body part above the victim’s heart if there are no broken bones.

Apply direct, steady pressure to the wound with a clean cloth. Do not press too hard.

Once the bleeding has stopped, cover the wound with a clean cloth.

Get medical help immediately.

First Aid for Choking

Choking is a condition that occurs when a person’s airway becomes blocked.

A chocking victim can die in minutes because air cannot get to the lungs.

First Aid for Choking

If you know someone is choking, begin using abdominal thrusts.

abdominal thrusts Quick upward pulls into the diaphragm to force out the object blocking the airway

First Aid for Poisoning

If you think someone has swallowed poison, call 911, EMS, or your local poison control center.

poison control center A community agency that helps people deal with poisoning emergencies

The inside cover of your phone book should list the phone number of the poison control center.

First Aid for Poisoning

Take these steps while waiting for help to arrive.

Keep the person warm and breathing.

Remove extra traces of poison from the person’s mouth with a damp, clean cloth.

Save the container of the poison to show the ambulance team.

Prepare to tell the emergency team all you know about what happened.

First Aid for Burns

Treatment for a first-degree burn includes:

first-degree burn A burn in which only the outer part of the skin is burned and turns red

Cooling the burned area with cold water (not ice) for at least 20 minutes

Wrapping the burned area loosely in a clean, dry dressing

First Aid for Burns

Treatment for a second-degree burn includes:

second-degree burn A serious type of burn in which the damaged area blisters or peels

Cooling the burned area with cold water (not ice)

Elevating the burned area

Wrapping the burned area loosely in a clean, dry dressing

Seeing a doctor

First Aid for Burns

Treatment for a third-degree burn includes:

third-degree burn A very serious burn in which deeper layers of skin and nerve endings are damaged

Cooling the burn with cold water or by applying a wet cloth

Not applying ice or ointments

Removing clothing that may stick to the burned area while applying cold water

Wrapping the burned area loosely with a clean, dry dressing and call 911

First Aid for Breaks and Sprains

Take these steps when helping someone who fractured a bone.

Ask if the person heard a snap or if touching the injured area hurts.

If unsure, treat the person as if they have a broken bone and call 911.

If there is bleeding, apply pressure with a clean cloth.

Do not attempt to straighten out the injured part.

Avoid moving the person.

First Aid for Breaks and Sprains

A sprain occurs when a joint is stretched or twisted or has torn ligaments.

Sprains are often sports-related.

What I LearnedRecall What is the universal sign for choking?

Lesson 5 Review

What I LearnedList Briefly give the steps in controlling severe bleeding.

Lesson 5 Review

What I LearnedVocabulary What’s the difference between a first- andsecond-degree burn?

Lesson 5 Review

Thinking CriticallyEvaluate What steps can be taken to reduce poisoningrisks in homes with small children?

Lesson 5 Review

Thinking CriticallyApply Ken and Phil see an older student collapse tothe ground. Using the CHECK-CALL-CARE strategy,show how Ken and Phil should respond to this emergency.

Lesson 5 Review

Chapter 12Safety and theEnvironment

Lesson 5First Aid for Emergencies

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