Chapter 11

History and Cultures of EuropeChapter 11

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Greek word origin gamehttps://jeopardylabs.com/play/ancient-greece-and-rome15**https://jeopardylabs.com/play/ancient-greece-rome-jeopardyGreek and Roman jeopardyhttps://quizlet.com/65553894/greek-words-flash-cards/

#1Which of the following is NOT an influence of Roman engineering?Concrete roadsSuspension bridgesAqueductsArch structures

#1B.

#2- Roman Art mainly focused onLandscapeGods and GoddessesPortraitsAnimals

B.

#3 True or false: Ancient Greeks were the first to use an alphabet

False- they got it from the Phoenicians

#4 This poets writings influenced other Greek literatureOdysseyArchilochusHomerSappho

C- Homer

#5 A famous Greek philosopher whose ideas influenced the social and natural sciencesPythagorasPlatoSocratesShakespeare

C.

#6 Which of the following was the main political contribution of Greece:PresidencyMonarchyDictatorshipDemocracy

D. Democracy

#7 How did Greek philosophers change the way of thinking?They began to record their thoughtsThey began to use truth and reason to support ideasThey began to use democracy and an open forum to discuss ideasThey began to use religion to support ideas

B.

#8- Which of the following were Greek contributions to science?They mapped out the human bodyThey determined the earth was not flatThey determined the orbits of the earth and planetsThey advanced surgical procedures

C.

#9- The most important political contribution from Ancient Rome wasDemocracyDirect or representative democracyConstitutional monarchyCommunism

B.

#10- True or False: Roman women were provided similar opportunities in education, business, and trade as men

True!!

What did we get from Ancient Greece and Rome?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9NAiMBRBGg

Cornell Notes- Set up in notebookPage #+ Main ideasTurn each heading into a questionDetails/answersMy comments/questionsPg. 294- 295Ancient EuropeGreece and Rome

-1. How might a democracy promote the spread of learning, the arts, and new ideas?

Page #/Main ideas/headingsDetailsMy comments/questionsPg. 298- 299Expansion of EuropeChristian Europe

Middle Ages

Crusades

Renaissance

Reformation

2. How did the Renaissance in Italy change the future of the country and the rest of Europe?

3. How did the Reformation affect religious unity and power in Europe?

Complete the Foldable on p. 293 of your textTake 3 pieces of loose-leaf or white paper.Fold them to form 6 equal tabs (see picture example on p. 293)Title each tab the following:Europes history and culturesGreece and RomeMiddle AgesModern TimesEuropes PopulationEuropes culture4. For each tab, write down at least 3-5 important facts and the main idea of each section (The Who, What, When, Where, Why, How)5. Draw at least one image that would symbolize the main idea.

Europe is rich in history and culture. Like the United States, most countries in Europe are industrialized and have high standards of living. Unlike the United States, however, the people of Europe do not share a common language and government.

Essential Questions:What forces have helped unify Europeans at different times?

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Section 1: History & Governments

The characteristics and movement of people impact physical and human systems.

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Ancient EuropeAncient Greece and Rome laid the foundations of European civilization.

Classical worldmeaning ancient Greece & Rome.

Do you get to vote on family decisions or elect leaders to your school government?

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Ancient GreeceMountains, islands, and seas isolated early communities.Began as fishing communities.City-states develop: independent cities and the surrounding area.Shared a language & culture.

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Ancient GreeceMost powerful city-state was Athens.Worlds first democracy: a political system in which all citizens share in running the government.Learning & arts thrived.

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Ancient GreeceMid 300s B.C. warfare weakened Greece.Greek culture spread to Egypt & Persia.Scientific advances spread.130 B.C. conquered by Rome.

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Roman EmpireRome becomes a dominant power.Began as a monarchy, then became a republic.In a republic, people choose their own leaders.Developed a code of laws.All citizens had a right to equal treatment.

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Roman EmpireRomans began expanding throughout Europe.Conquered peoples allowed to become Roman citizens.Emperor: an all-powerful ruler.

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ChristianityChristianity develops in Palestine.Romans had Jesus executed.Peter & Paul establish Christian church in Rome.329 A.D. Christianity became official religion of Rome.

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Romes DeclineRivals among the leaders, and attacks by Germanic tribes led to Romes downfall.Byzantine Empire develops in the east.German tribes rule in the west.Latin language basis for many European languages.Architectural influences.

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Knowledge Check:

Describe ancient Romes influences on the modern world.

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Compare/Contrast: use pp. 298- 301Renaissance ReformationEnlightenmentCommon to all three

Expansion of EuropeDuring the Middle Ages, European society, religion, and government underwent great changes.Middle Ages: period between Romes fall and modern times.Are there still parts of the world left to explore?

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Christian EuropeRoman Catholic church based in Rome with a pope.Eastern Orthodox Church centered in Byzantine Empire.

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Middle AgesNo strong governments existed during this period.Feudalism: kings gave land to nobles.Nobles became knights in return.Most people poor peasants during this period.

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The CrusadesIslamic religion was on the rise.Muslims gained control of Holy Land.Knights went to retake the Holy Land in a series of wars.

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The CrusadesTrade began to take place between Europe & Muslim lands.Feudalism withered.Kings created nation-states: a country made up of people who share a common culture or history.Black Death killed 1/3 of Europes population.

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The RenaissanceRevival in art & learning.Thrived in Florence, Rome & Venice.Interest in ancient cultures.Humanisminterest in the individual & human society.Spread around Europe.

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The ReformationProblems with the Catholic churchSome want reforms.Led to creation of Protestantism.New religion dominates northern Europe.Sparked warsMonarchs stop listening to church leaders.

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European ExplorationsAge of ExplorationLooking for route to East Asia.New World discovered.Riches discovered in Americas.

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Knowledge Check:

What changes did the Black Death bring to Europe?

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Modern EuropeFrom the 1600s to the 1800s and beyond, new ideas and discoveries helped Europe become a global power.How would your life be different without computers, cell phones, or other modern technologies?

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The EnlightmentScience used to explain the world.Revolution: sweeping change, in the way people thought.Reason, not faith, now used for understandingAll people have right to life, liberty, & propertyCitizens have right to overthrow government

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The EnlightmentAmerican & French RevolutionsRise of NapoleonRulers power increasingly limited.Increased citizen rights.

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Section 1 ReviewMovement/Event/GroupContributionsWhy it matters todayAncient GreeceAncient RomeChristianityCrusadesMiddle AgesRenaissanceReformationAge of ExplorationEnlightenment

Industry & ConflictIndustrial revolutionMachines now used in factoriesItems more affordableImproved transportationImproved farming techniquesCity populations explodeIncreased pollution

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Industry & ConflictWWI & WWIIEurope left in ruinsThe HolocaustCold War developsCommunism: system in which the government controls the ways of producing goods.

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New Era for EuropeFall of CommunismUnification of GermanyCollapse of Soviet UnionEuropean Union formed

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Knowledge Check:

What was the age of the Enlightenment?

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Section 2: Cultures & Lifestyles

Culture groups shape human systems.

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Population PatternsEthnic differences and population changes pose challenges for Europe.Europes people are crowded into a relatively small space.How do you treat a new person who joins your class? What kind of challenges does he or she face?

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A Rich Ethnic MixEthnic Group: a group of people with shared ancestry, language, and customs.Europes mix a result of migrations, wars, & changing boundaries.Had led to many conflicts.Growing sense of unity today though.

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A Rich Ethnic MixValue democracy & human rightsGovernment must care for citizensWelfare states: government is main provider of support for sick, needy, & retired.

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Population ChangesSince WWII, immigration from Asia, Africa, & Latin AmericaCaused tensionsLow fertility rate: average number of children born to each woman.Overall population decreasing.Better health care = living longer.

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Knowledge Check:

How do national and ethnic loyalties benefit and harm Europeans?

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Life in EuropeEuropean lifestyles today reflect the regions urban society and level of wealth.Today, most Europeans are well-educated city dwellers with comfortable incomes.Does the idea of living in a city appeal to you?

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CitiesUrbanizationthe concentration of people in towns & cities.75% of Europeans live in citiesLondon, Paris, Madrid, Berlin.Ancient landmarks mix with skyscrapers.Public transportation.

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TransportationVery advanced transportation networkTrains link most townsHighways & canalsMost transportation government owned.

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Education & Incomehighest literacy rates in the worldEarn more money than other parts of the worldMany eastern European countries still struggling thoughBanking jobs common

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LeisureLots of paid vacationTravel commonRecreational sportsRugby & soccer popular

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Knowledge Check:

What type of industry provides the most jobs in Europe?

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Religion and the ArtsReligion, especially Christianity, has had an important effect on European society and arts.If you enjoy creative writing or making art or music, what ideas inspire you?

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ReligionEurope has become increasingly secularnonreligious.Christianity still a major influence.Roman Catholic predominatesProtestantism, Eastern Orthodox, Judaism, and Islam also present.

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ArtsTemples & public buildingsGothic architectureArt shows holy or heroic subjectsMusic for religious servicesOpera developed hereRomanticism = emotional art & musicImpressionist movement

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Knowledge Check:

How has religion influenced the arts in Europe?

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