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Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards Practices, 2E

Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards Practices, 2E

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 Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-3  A therapeutic relationship is one that benefits the client’s health status.  Nurses who demonstrate caring behaviors enhance the quality of care provided; thus clients are more satisfied with the care that is delivered.

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Page 1: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Chapter 11Nursing, Healing, and Caring

Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards & Practices, 2E

Page 2: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-2

Nursing’s Therapeutic Value Nursing is both an art and a science that

leads to therapeutic outcomes in clients. The term therapeutic describes actions

that are beneficial to the client. The “art” of nursing refers to the caring,

compassionate manner in which interventions are performed.

Page 3: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-3

A therapeutic relationship is one that benefits the client’s health status.

Nurses who demonstrate caring behaviors enhance the quality of care provided; thus clients are more satisfied with the care that is delivered.

Page 4: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-4

HealingHealing is the process of recovery

from illness, accident, or disability.Healing encompasses the physical,

emotional, and spiritual domains of individuals.

Nursing and caring are essential components in the healing process.

Page 5: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-5

Caring Behaviors Demonstrated in Nursing PracticeDemonstration of concernAnticipation of client needsProviding pre-procedural informationAlleviation of anxiety and fearEffective communicationResponding to client requests

Page 6: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-6

Caring Caring is a universal value that directs

nursing practice. Though clients cannot always be cured,

caring is ongoing within the nurse-client relationship.

Caring occurs when a nurse acts in a genuine, authentic manner with the client.

Page 7: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-7

Some specific behaviors that indicate caring include• Provision of information• Relief of pain• Spending time with clients and families• Promoting client autonomy• Treating each client in a courteous and

dignified manner

Page 8: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-8

As society continues to place a high value on technology, caring is often undervalued.

Nursing makes a crucial contribution by valuing both care and technology.

Page 9: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-9

Theoretical Models of CaringWatson’s Theory of Human CaringLeininger’s Theory of Transcultural

CaringBenner’s Novice to Expert Model

Page 10: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-10

Nurse-Client RelationshipThere is a one-to-one interactive

process between client and nurse, directed at improving the client’s health status or assisting in problem solving.

The primary goal of this relationship is the client’s achievement of therapeutic outcomes.

Page 11: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-11

The nurse-client relationship is a planned process that focuses on meeting the needs of the clients.

Interpersonal skills are the foundation for establishing the therapeutic relationship.

Interaction allows the nurse to assess client needs, teach, empower the client, and evaluate outcomes .

Page 12: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-12

Phases of a Therapeutic RelationshipOrientation phaseWorking phaseTermination phase

Page 13: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-13

Therapeutic Use of SelfThis is a process in which nurses

deliberately plan their actions and approach the relationship with a specific goal in mind before interacting with the client.

It involves verbal and nonverbal communication.

Page 14: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-14

A nurse’s expression of humanistic concern for a client is shown by taking time to simply “be with” the client.

Page 15: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-15

Characteristics of Therapeutic RelationshipsCatharsis refers to the relief

experienced from verbalizing one’s problems• “Getting things off one’s chest” is a

universal experience that is therapeutic for individuals experiencing anxiety

Page 16: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-16

Characteristics of therapeutic nurses• Warmth• Hope • Rapport• Trust• Empathy

Page 17: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-17

• Acceptance• Humor• Compassion• Self-awareness• Flexibility• Risk-taking

Page 18: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-18

Therapeutic Value of the

Nursing ProcessThe nursing process is therapeutic

because it focuses on the client’s response to illness, disease, or disability rather than just on the problem.

Page 19: Chapter 11 Nursing, Healing, and Caring Fundamentals of Nursing: Standards  Practices, 2E

Copyright 2002 by Delmar, a division of Thomson Learning 11-19

Nursing Roles Caregiver Counselor Teacher Client advocate Change agent Team member Resource person