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Chapter 11 Jeopardy
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Genetic Variation & Natural Selection
Other Mechanisms of Evolution
Hardy-Weinberg & Speciation through
Isolation
Patterns in Evolution
Chapter 10
Final Jeopardy
What is the difference between microevolution and
macroevolution?
2
Microevolution – evolution of a small population of organisms
Macroevolution – evolution of an entire species world-wide
3
4
What term refers to the measure of how common a certain allele occurs
in a population?
5
Allele Frequency
6
What term refers to the combined alleles of all the members of a population?
7
Gene Pool
8
What are the two main sources of genetic variation in
organisms?
9
Mutations and recombination events during meiosis
10
What types of selection are shown in the following figures?
11
Stabilizing Directional Disruptive
12
What term refers to the change in allele frequencies in a
population over time?
13
Genetic Drift
14
The movement of genes from one population to
another is called…
15
Gene flow
16
What are the two types of sexual selection? Provide an
example of each type.
17 Intrasexual – when two males compete for the chance to mate with a female (two deer bucking heads)
Intersexual – when a male does something to impress a female for
the purpose of mating (male feather displays for female birds)
What is the difference between the founder effect and the
bottleneck effect?
18
19 Founder Effect – genetic drift that occurs after a small number of individuals colonize a new area
Bottleneck Effect – genetic drift that occurs after an event
drastically reduces the size of a population
Sexual selection and natural selection are often at odds with
each other. What is the difference between these forms of selection and how may they work in opposite ways on the
body plans of organisms?
20
21Sexual selection – developing traits that increase mating success
Natural selection – developing traits that increase survivability
A trait that increases mating success may also reduce the chances that an
organism may avoid predation
22
What is the Hardy-Weinberg
equation used to predict?
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
23
Genotype frequencies in a population
24
When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium, it mean they are not….
25
Evolving!!!
26
Define Speciation
27
The rise of two or more species from one existing species
28Which of the following scenarios must a population exhibit in order to be in
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
1.Lots of immigration & emigration2.Some individuals have advantageous
traits3.High mutation rates
4.Extremely large population
29
Extremely large population
30
Speciation through isolation can occur due to 4 possible
barriers. What are these 4 types of isolation?
31
ReproductiveBehavioralGeographicTemporal
32
The elimination of a species from earth
33
Extinction
34
The process by which two species evolve as a response to each other is known as…
35
Coevolution
36
There is a pattern in the history of life. Bursts of evolutionary activity are
followed by long periods of stability. This pattern is described by the theory
of…….
37
Punctuated equilibrium
38
Define adaptive radiation
39
The diversification of one ancestral species into many
descendant species
40
What is the difference between convergent and divergent evolution?
41
Convergent – evolution towards similar characteristics in unrelated
organisms
Divergent – when closely related species evolve in different directions
42
Remnants of organs or structures that had a function
in an early ancestor
37
Vestigial structures
44
A term used to describe how well an organism is able to
survive and pass its genes on to the next generation
45
Fitness
46
What term refers to the distribution of organisms around
the world?
47
Biogeography
48
What is the difference between homologous and analogous
structures? Which one shows an evolutionary relationship?
49Homologous – similar structure, but different function. This shows an
evolutionary relationship
Analogous – similar function, but structurally very different. Does not
show any sort of evolutionary relationship
50
What are the 4 main principles of natural
selection?
51
VariationOverproduction
AdaptationDescent with modification
52
What 5 conditions must be met for a population to be considered to be in Hardy-
Weinberg Equilibrium?
53
Very large populationNo gene flowNo mutations
No sexual selectionNo natural selection
