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Chapter 1 Objectives

Recognize the importance ofcomputer literacy

Identify the components ofa computer

Discuss the uses of the Internet andWorld Wide Web

Identify the categories of software

Describe the categories of computers

Identify the types ofcomputer users

Discuss various computerapplications in society

Next

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What Is a Computer? How is a computerdefined?

p. 3

Produces and stores results

Next

Electronic device operating under the control of

instructions stored in its own memory

Processes data intoinformation

Data that is organized,meaningful, and useful

Acceptsdata

Raw facts, figures, andsymbols

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Storage

Communications

Advantages and Disadvantages

of Using Computers

What are the advantages of using computers?

p. 5

Speed

Reliability

Next

Consistency

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Advantages and Disadvantages

of Using Computers

What are the disadvantages of using computers?

p. 5 Next

Violation of

Privacy

Impact on

Environment

Impact on

Labor Force

Health Risks

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What Is a Computer? What is the information processing cycle?

p. 5 Fig. 1-2 Next

Input

Process

Output

Storage Communication

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The Components of a Computer What is an input device?

p. 6 Fig. 1-3

Hardware used

to enter data

and instructions

Next

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The Components of a Computer

What is an output device?

p. 7 Fig. 1-3

Hardware that

conveysinformation

to one or more

people

Next

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The Components of a Computer

What is the system unit?

p. 7 Fig. 1-3 Next

Box-like case

containing

electronic

components

used to process

data

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The Components of a Computer

What are two main components on the motherboard?

p. 7

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Also called a processor

The electronic component that interprets and carriesout the basic instructions that operate the computer

Next

Memory

Consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by

those instructions

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The Components of a Computer

What is storage?

p. 7

Storage media

Physical material on which data, instructions,

and information are stored

Storage device

Records and retrieves items to and from

a storage medium

Next

Holds data, instructions, and information

for future use

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The Components of a Computer

What is storage media?

p. 7 Next

Floppy Disks

Memory Cards

DVDs

CDs

Hard Disks

USB Flash Drives

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Retrieves

(reads)

items fromstorage

media

Records (writes)

items to storagemedia

The Components of a Computer

What is a storage device?

p. 7 Next

Often function

as a source

of input

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The Components of a Computer What is a floppy disk?

p. 7 Next

Thin, circular,

flexible disk

enclosed in rigid

plastic shell

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The Components of a Computer

What is a USB flash drive?

p. 7 Next

Provides much

greater storage

capacity than a

floppy disk orZip disk

Small and

lightweight enough

to be transported

on a keychain or

in a pocket

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The Components of a Computer

What is a hard disk?

p. 7 Fig. 1-4 Next

Provides greater storage

capacity than a

floppy disk, Zip disk, or

USB flash drive

Most are housed inside

of the system unit

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The Components of a Computer

What is a compact disc?

p. 7 Fig. 1-5 Next

Flat, round, portable metal disc

CD-ROM

DVD-ROM

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The Components of a Computer

What is a communications device?

Nextp. 8

Hardware component that

enables a computer tosend and receive data, instructions,

and information

Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,

satellites, and other

transmission media

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To share

Networks and the Internet

A network is a collection of computers and devicesconnected together

p. 8

Resources

Hardware

devices Software

programsData

To save

time

and

money

Information

Next

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Networks and the Internet

What is the Internet?

p. 8 Fig. 1-6 Next

Worldwide collection of networks that connects

millions of businesses, government agencies,

educational institutions, and individuals

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Networks and the Internet

p. 9 Fig. 1-7

Why do users access the Internet?

2. Information

3. Shopping

4. Banking and Investing

5. Classes

6. Entertainment

Next

1. Communications

7. Download Music8. Share Information

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Networks and the Internet

What is the Web?

p. 10

A Web site isa collection of

related Web pages

A Web page containstext, graphics, audio,

video, and links to

other Web pages

You can share

information bycreating Web pages

or posting photos on

a photo sharing

community

Next

Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to

anyone connected to the Internet

A blog consists of time-

stamped articles in

a journal format

A podcast is

recorded audiostored on a Web site

that can be

downloaded

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Consists of a seriesof instructions that

tells the computer

what to do

Computer Software

What is software?

p. 10 Next

Also called a

program

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Computer Software What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?

p. 10 Fig. 1-8 Next

Allows you to

interact with the

software using

graphics and icons Controls how you

enter data and how

the screen displays

information

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Computer Software What is system software?

p. 10 - 11

Operating System (OS)is a set of programs

that coordinates all

activities among

computer hardware

devices and allowsusers to run

application software

Utility Programsallow the user toperform maintenance-type tasks

usually related to managing a

computer, its devices or its programs

Next

Programs that control or maintain the operations of

the computer and its devices

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Computer Software

What is application software?

p. 11 Fig. 1-9

Presentation

Graphics

Spreadsheet

Database

Word

Processing

Programs that perform

specific tasks for users

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Computer Software

How do you install and run programs?

p. 11 - 12 Fig. 1-10 Next

Step 1: INSTALL

When you insert a greeting

card program disc

in the CD drive for the first

time, the computer

begins the procedure of

installing the greetingcard program on the hard

disk.

Step 3: USE

The greeting card program

executes. Using this program,

you can create custom greeting

cards.

Step 2: RUNOnce installed, you can

instruct the computer to run

the greeting card program.

The computer transfers

instructions from the hard

disk to memory.

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Computer Software What is a programmer?

p. 12 Fig. 1-11 Next

Someone who developsapplication or systemsoftware

Programmer writesthe instructions todirect the computer to

process data intoinformation

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Categories of Computers

p. 13 Next

What are the categories of computers?

Personal Computers

(desktop)

Mobile Computers and

Mobile Devices

Game Consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded Computers

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Personal ComputersWhat are the two most popular series ofpersonalcomputers?

p. 14 Figs. 1-13

1-14 Next

PC and compatibles

use the Windows

operating system

Apple Macintosh

uses the Macintosh

operating system(Mac OS)

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Personal Computers

What is a desktop computer?

p. 14 Fig. 1-13 Next

Designed so all of the components fit on or under

a desk or table

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

What is a notebook computer?

p. 14 - 15 Fig. 1-15 Next

Portable, small enough

to fit on your lap

Also called a laptop

computer

Generally more

expensive than a desktop

computer

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

What is a Tablet PC?

p. 15 Fig. 1-16 Next

Especially useful for taking

notes

Resembles a letter-sized slate

Allows you to write on thescreen using a digital pen

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices What is a handheld computer?

p. 15 Next

Used

by mobile

employees such as

meter readers and

delivery people

Small

enough to fitin one

hand

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?

p. 15 Fig. 1-17 Next

Provides personal organizer functions

Calendar

Appointment book

Address book

Calculator

Notepad

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Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

What are smart phones?

p. 16 Figs. 1-18 Next

A smart phone isan Internet-enabled

telephone that usually

provides PDA capabilities

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Game Consoles What are game consoles?

p. 16 Fig. 1-19 Next

Mobile computing device designed for

single-player or multiplayer video games

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Servers

What types of servers are there?

p. 16 - 17 Figs. 1-20

1-22

Mainframe Very powerful,

expensive computer that supports

thousands of computers

Supercomputer The fastest, most

powerful, most expensive

computer. Used for applicationsrequiring complex mathematical

calculations

Next

A server controls access to network

resources and provides centralized

storage

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Embedded Computers

What is an embedded computer? A special-purpose computer that functions as a

component in a larger product

p. 17 - 18 Fig. 1-23 Next

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Examples of Computer Usage

What are five categories of computer users?

Home User

Small Office/Home Office User

Mobile User

Power User Large Business User

p. 18 Next

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Examples of Computer Usage

What software is available for a home user?

Personal Finance Management

Web access

CommunicationsEntertainment

p. 18 - 19 Fig. 1-24 Next

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Examples of Computer Usage

What software is available for a smalloffice/home office (SOHO) user?

p. 20 Fig. 1-25

Productivity

software

Specialtysoftware

Web usage

E-mail

Next

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Hardware Notebook computers

PDAs

Smart phones Tablet PCs

Examples of Computer UsageWhat is available for

a mobile user?

p. 20 Fig. 1-26

Software Word processing

Spreadsheet

Presentation graphicssoftware

Next

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Examples of Computer Usage What are the needs of a power user?

p. 21 Fig. 1-27 Next

Speed and large amounts of storage

Types of power users

Engineers

Architects Desktop publishers

Graphic artists

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Examples of Computer Usage

What are the needs of the large business user?

p. 21 - 22 Figs. 1-28

1-29 Next

Payroll

Inventory

E-commerce

Desktop

publishing

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Computer Applications in Society

What are some examplesof computer applications

in society?

p. 22-25 Figs. 1-30

1-37 Next

Education

Finance

Government Healthcare

Science

Publishing

Travel Manufacturing

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Summary of Introduction to Computers

The computer and its components

What is a network?

The Internet and theWorld Wide Web

Types of software

Categories of computers

Types of computer users

Computer applications in society

Chapter 1 Complete