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Chapter 10: Risk Management and Property/Liability Insurance. Define risk and apply the risk-management process to personal financial affairs. Define insurance terminology and explain the relationship between risk and insurance. Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter 10: Risk Management and Property/Liability
Insurance
Objectives
Define risk and apply the risk-management process to personal financial affairs.
Define insurance terminology and explain the relationship between risk and insurance.
Objectives
Design a homeowner’s insurance program to meet your needs and keep the cost of the plan to a minimum.
Design an automobile insurance program to meet your needs and keep the cost of the plan to a minimum.
Objectives
Describe property and liability insurance policies designed to meet needs other than those related to housing and automobiles.
Outline the steps to make a claim against a property or liability insurance policy.
Risk Management
A plan to protect accumulated resources and assets from the possibility of financial loss.
CONSIDER…
Coverage and Type of Risk
Pure Risk Insurable Accidental, unintentional Always results in a loss Can be personal, property
or liability risk.
Speculative Risk Loss or gain possible Uninsurable Such as investing in stocks or gambling
RiskAvoidance
RiskShifting
RiskAssumption
RiskReductionWays to
ManageRisk
Gather information
Evaluate risk and potential losses
Choose mechanisms
Administer program
Evaluate and adjust
Risk and Risk Management
RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS:
Decision Making Matrix
Risk and Risk Management
Risk avoidance
Risk retention
Loss control
Transferring risk
Risk reduction
CHOOSE MECHANISMS:
What is Insurance?Insurance is strange. It's a product that most consumers buy, but few want to use. And many people find insurance confusing. It's unlike any other consumer product on the market. You can't see it, touch it, smell it, hear it or taste it. But without it, the world would be a much different place. Just think about it. Would you casually drive to the grocery store knowing that everything you ever worked for could be at risk if you were involved in an accident? How much would you be willing to spend on a home without insurance to cover it? Who would dare start a new business without the safety net of insurance? Insurance allows people to take risks, make investments, protect their hard-earned assets and provides peace of mind. Insurance and other risk management techniques have been around in some form for thousands of years. Insurance has its roots in ancient China. Shipping merchants in 2500 B.C. were the first to introduce a concept vital to the role and purpose of insurance -- spreading the risk of loss from the individual to a group of individuals. Before sailing through dangerous waters, merchants gathered and divided their goods so that each boat carried some of the contents of the others. That way no one merchant shouldered the risk alone, protecting themselves from a potential total loss of goods. Today's insurance business still bases its practices on this simple concept of spreading risk. Through a wide array of products and services, insurance companies provide citizens and businesses with the economic security necessary to survive the unpredictable and sometimes devastating events of modern everyday life. The Insurance Institute of America defines insurance as three things. First, insurance is a transfer technique whereby the insured transfers the risk of financial loss to another party, the insurance company or insurer. Second, it is a contract between the policyholder and the insurer that states what financial consequences of loss are transferred and expresses the insurer's promise to pay for those consequences. Third, insurance is a business and, as such, needs to be conducted in a way that earns a reasonable profit for its owners. The money a policyholder pays an insurer is small compared to the potential for loss. If a family's house were to burn down, they probably could not afford to replace it without insurance. The insurance system enables someone to transfer the financial consequences of this loss to an insurance company. The insurance company, in turn, pays for covered losses and distributes the costs among all of its policyholders. In that way, your fellow policyholders share the cost of your loss, as you share in theirs.
What is Insurance? (cont.)
Private companies and state and federal governments provide insurance. There are three major types of private property/casualty insurers: mutual, stock and reciprocal exchanges. The primary difference among these types of insurers is in who owns them. A stock company is a corporation owned by individuals or stockholders who contribute capital in the hope of earning a profit through the sale of insurance. The stockholders direct the company's operations and share in any profits earned. A mutual insurance company is a corporation owned by its policyholders, who may receive dividends if the firm is profitable. A reciprocal insurance exchange is similar to a mutual company in that the policyholders are both the insurers and the insured. The exchange is a collection of individuals, firms and/or corporations that exchange insurance coverage on one another. Each member pays for a portion of the coverage on every other member. One of the most critical decisions any consumer must make when purchasing a product or service is how they will purchase the product. When buying insurance, consumers have several choices. They can work with an independent agent, an exclusive agent, an insurance broker or deal directly with a company. An independent insurance agent is a self-employed businessperson who typically represents a number of different insurance companies through contractual relationships and is paid on a commission basis. An exclusive agent represents only one insurance company and may be a salaried employee or work on a commission basis. An insurance broker is an intermediary between a customer and an insurance company. A broker typically searches the market for coverage appropriate to their clients' needs. While purchasing insurance through an independent or exclusive agent are the most popular methods of buying insurance, consumers also have the option of direct purchase. A number of companies sell their insurance products directly to customers through the use of a toll-free telephone service or the Internet.
Physical
Morale
Moral
What is Insurance? HAZARDS:
Fortuitous
Financial
Personal
What is Insurance?
FINANCIAL LOSS:
Insurable interest
Principle of indemnity
Factors that affect cost
Deductibles Co-insurance
What is Insurance?
Reimbursement Formula
What is Insurance?
Types of insurers
Stock Mutual
Essence of insurance
Homeowner’s Insurance
Coverages
Property Liability
Types
Buying
Homeowner’s Insurance
Dwelling coverage
Personal property coverage
Liability losses
Homeowner’s insurance pricing
BUYING:
Types of Home Insurance Policies
Basic form (HO-1) Broad form (HO-2) Special form (HO-3) Tenant’s form (HO-4) Comprehensive form HO-5) Condominium form (HO-6) Country home form (HO-7) Modified coverage form (HO-8)
How Much Coverage Do You Need?
Look for a policy with full coverage rather than a coinsurance clause
What would it cost to replace your home? Have sufficient liability coverage Include protection for specific items such
as collections, cameras, and jewelry Determine the value of the contents of
your home
Items Covered in a Renter’s Policy
Personal property Personal liability Additional living
expenses
A landlord’s insurance usually won’t cover your personal belongings! Only 40% of
renters have renter’s Insurance
Replacement Cost vs.Actual Cash Value
Actual cash value coverage Insurer will cover the cost of what the
burned or stolen item would cost at a garage sale or if you sold it through a newspaper ad.
Replacement cost coverage Insurer will cover what ever it costs you
to replace the burned or stolen item with a new one.
Actual Cash Value Reimbursement Calculation
Value of a Home Inventory
Proof of belongings and their value
Helps you remember
Helps you determine needed coverage
What Affects the Cost ofHomeowner’s or Renter’s Policies?
Location of home or apartment Type and age of the structure Amount of coverage and deductibles Discounts - alarm system, smoke detector Varies company to company - compare If you also insure your car with the same
company
Automobile Insurance
Financial responsibility law 40 states have one Utah limits are 25/50/15
Requires you to carry certain minimum coverage if you damage someone’s person or property
Automobile Insurance
Liability
Medical
Uninsured/underinsured
Physical damage
Other
LOSSES COVERED:
Auto Liability Coverage
$100,000 lim it thatw ill be paid to one
person in an accident
$300,000 lim it thatw ill be paid to all
persons in an accident
$50,000 lim it forpaym ent for dam ageto property of others
100/300/50
bodily injury liability property damage liability
Auto Insurance Coverages
Bodily injury coverages Bodily injury liability -
covers people in other cars
Medical payments -covers people in your car
Auto Insurance Coverages
Uninsured motorist Your vehicle is hit by one of the many
people who don’t have car insurance
Underinsured motorist Your car is hit by a person who doesn’t
have enough insurance to cover the damage they did to you and your car
(continued)
Property Damage Liability Coverage
Covers damage to others person’s car when you are at fault during a snow storm you might
accidentally slide your vehicle into a neighbor’s mailbox
Collision Coverage
When your car is in an accident, collision insurance pays for damage to your automobile, regardless of who is at fault. However, if you are not at fault they will try and collect from the other driver’s property damage liability first.
Comprehensive Physical Damage
Covers damage to your car that is not caused by a collision, such as theft vandalism glass breakage hail, sand, or wind storm your car rolls downhill into a tree
No-Fault Insurance
Each driver collects from their own insurance company medical expenses lost wages related injury costs
Intent is to reduce time and costs No-fault systems vary from state to state
Auto Insurance Premium Factors
Automobile type year, make and model
Rating territory accident, theft, and vandalism rates
Driver classification age, sex, marital status driving record
Assigned risk pool
Other Property/Liability Loss Exposures Floater policies
Antique/specialty cars
Professional liability
Comprehensive personal liability
Umbrella liability
To Lower Your Auto Premium
Find out how much it will cost to insure a car before you buy it
Compare companies Have larger deductibles Look for discounts
non-smoker good driving record airbags car alarm or other security
Umbrella Policy
$1,000,000 inliability coverage
Covers you inyour home, car,office etc.
Document loss
File claim
Sign release
Collecting on Property/Liability Losses
Make Sense of anInsurance Policy
Perils covered
Property covered
Types of losses
People covered
Locations covered
Time period of coverage
Loss control
Amount of coverage
Save on Property or Liability Insurance
Shop around
Select appropriate coverages/limits
Assume affordable risk
Take advantage of discounts
Engage in loss control
Be properly classified