Chapter 10Mass Society

Coach Simmons

Honors World History

Chapter 9 Section 1

Democratic Reform and Activism

Britain Enacts Reforms

• Reform Bill of 1832-increased suffrage (businessmen & new

districts)• Chartist Movement-group that wanted all men to vote annually

(People’s Charter)• Victorian Age-British height in wealth and power (Queen

Victoria)

Women Get the Vote

• By 1890, in most industrial countries all men had right to vote, now women wanted the same

• As women started to organize suffrage groups, men and even some women resisted such a radical change

• Emmeline Pankhurst formed the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) a militant faction (p.315)

France and Democracy

• The Third Republic- New government after split during Franco-

Prussian War• Dreyfus Affair- Controversy over who had control, anti-

Semitism played key role (Alfred Dreyfus)- Zionism was the counter to persecution, it

involved working toward a homeland for Jews in Palestine

Chapter 10 Section 2

Self-Rule for British Colonies

Canada Struggles for Self-Rule

• French and English Canada – cultural differences split Canada into Upper (British) and Lower (French)

• Lord Durham suggest Canadian independence

• Dominion of Canada – self governing but still part of British Empire

• 1871 Canada expanded to Pacific

Australia & New Zealand

• James Cook founded both colonies in the early 1700’s

• Aborigines inhabited the islands

• Australia became Britain penal colony (prison camp)

• Settlers would thrive in mid 1800’s

• Tensions increased b/t settlers and Maori

Irish Win Home Rule

• Ireland formally joined Britain in 1801

• The great famine in 1840 – about 10% of population died (potatoes)

• Irish demanded home rule (local control)

• Agreement on splitting the North and South (Catholic & Protestant)

• Formation of the IRA

• 1949 declared itself independant

Chapter 10 Section 3

War and Expansion in the United States

The American West

• Manifest Destiny – the idea that the United States had the right and duty to rule N. America from Atlantic to the Pacific

• Indian Removal Act of 1830 – Eastern Natives had to move West. (Trail of Tears)

• Texas annexed in 1845 after some controversy

• Mexican-American War brought the southern borders to present day

US Civil War

• Differences in economies of North (Industrial) and South (Agricultural)

• Debate over rights of individual states as expansion westward continued

• 1860, S States began to secede• Lincoln elected and promised to end slavery and

save the union• 1863, Emancipation Proclamation – freed slaves

in states under rebellion• Reconstruction – South suffered under and

eventually would set up segregation

The Postwar Economy

• Industrial growth exponentially by 1914 leading industrial power

• Immigration – was a key component of growth providing the human capital and by 1914 20 million had moved to US from Europe and Asia

• The railroads connected the East to the West and completed the idea of Manifest Destiny

Chapter 10 Section 4

19th Century Progress

New Inventions

• “Edison the inventor” – light bulb and phonograph

• Bell and Marconi – telephone and radio

• Ford and the automobile – standardized parts, internal-combustion engine, assembly line = affordability

• The Wright Brothers – 1903 first flight @ Kitty Hawk, NC

New Medical Ideas

• Germ Theory of Disease – Louis Pasteur discovered bacteria and realized they are tiny organism that could cause sickness

• Joseph Lister- first to use anti-septics and clean wounds, and OR

• Cities started to build sewer and plumbing systems

• New vaccines developed (diphtheria, typhus, yellow fever)

New Scientific Ideas

• Charles Darwin – Theory of evolution1. Populations evolve or adapt to their

environment over time to survive• Mendel and genetics – discovered how

certain traits are passed on from generation to generation

• Mendeleev – periodic table, study of chemistry, Marie Curie discovery of radioactive material

Social Science

• Psychology – study of the human mind and behavior

• Ivan Pavlov – salivating dogs, behavior can be changed with training

• Sigmund Freud – believed memories and desires shape behavior, psychoanalysis

• Both challenged idea of enlightenment and reason

Mass Culture

• Reasons for change (p.333)1. Leisure activities2. New technology3. Reform• Entertainment such as vaudeville, music,

and movies• Sports was growing rapidly as a

spectator sport (baseball, football, boxing)