Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 2Chapter 1, Section 2

Societies of North AmericaSocieties of North America

p.32-37p.32-37

Warm Up Questions• What helped preserve the cultures of the Native

American people??• List three (3) reasons why there was great

diversity amongst Native American tribes.• Detail what you know about Native American

beliefs.• Where did you get your ideas about Native

Americans and their culture?

Vocabulary Words• Here is a list of

vocabulary words you are responsible for:

• Technology• Tundra• Kayak• Matrilineal

• Slash-and-burn agriculture

• Deganawida• Iroquois League• Know theses words:

They are found on p. 32-37

Native American Diversity• What contributes to their diversity?

• Hundreds of cultural groups– Spoke different languages

• Environment played a huge role– Some lived in dry, desert-like climates;

some in arctic conditions; some in forests

N.A. Diversity cont..• Environment

– Shaped each groups way of life– Some farmed, others hunted and

gathered, and some fished--all because of where they lived

– Religion: certain areas were (and are) considered sacred: animals, plants, and acts of nature had spiritual importance

Lakota Sioux Sacred Land: The Black Hills

Where are the Black Hills?

What do the Black Hills look like today??

Sacred Animals• Here is a list, followed by descriptions,

of some animals viewed by the Native Americans as sacred

• Bear,coyote, eagle, and buffalo

Bear• Symbolizes Gentle Strength and

Dreaming• Great strength and their gentleness

makes them “human-like”--walk on two legs

• Hibernation associated with dreaming

• The bear’s cave symbolizes returning to the womb

Bear Symbol

Importance of the Bear

Eagle• Courage, Spirit, and Bravery• Associated with the highest pursuits• Undisputed masters of the skies• One closest to the Creator• Eagle feathers are revered by Native American

Healers as having powerful medicine• Eagle Medicine is the power of the Great Spirit. It is

the spirit of tenacity• Eagle feathers were given for acts of courage and

bravery

Eagle

Symbol of the Eagle

Head Dress

Native American Chief

Coyote• Trickster

• Coyote is said to trick the learner into the lesson, almost giving one the notion that things are not as they seem, until the lesson is done and the wisdom gained.

Coyote

Symbol of the Coyote

Buffalo• Abundance • The buffalo or bison is considered by many

tribes to be a symbol of abundance • The meat of the buffalo fed the people• The hides provided clothing and shelter• The bones and provided tools of survival.

The Lakota's trace the origin of the sacred pipe to the appearance of the White Buffalo

Buffalo

White Buffalo

The “Hunt”