Chapter 1 Notes—Continued

The American Colonies and England

American Colonists start questioning the world around them

•Turn to page 34-36 in your textbook. On your own or with a partner—fill in the chart about the Enlightenment and the Great awakening.

Enlightenment Ideals—emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method as means of obtaining knowledge• John Locke• “Social Contract Theory”(1690) people have natural rights by god, not by

monarchs.• Right to overthrow Government if it does not protect rights.

•Ben Franklin• Inventor • Writer • Politician • Brought many enlightenment ideals to America• http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution

/benjamin-franklin

The Great AwakeningA revival of religious feelings in the American ColoniesGeorge Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards were major individualsHarvard become the 1st College in America to train ministers

The English Colonies

vs. English Colonies French Colonies

Type of Settlers Diverse backgrounds in English Colonies (not all from England)

Young French men, Catholic priests

Economic Activities

Shipbuilding, agriculture, timber—all in all more diverse

Fur trading

Relations with Native Americans

More hostile, history of completely removing natives from land with force

More peaceful, they needed local partners in trade

the French

Colonies

French and Indian War

A. Rivals for an EmpireFRANCE engaged in fur trade w/NativesENGLAND wants to occupy more land

B. War Erupts George Washington:

Failed twice as a military leader to push the French out of the Ohio River Valley

Gained fame and recognition during French and Indian War

French and Indian War

General Edward Braddock

One of Britain’s best Generals Was to help the Americans in

the war but lost over 1000 men and was killed himself.

William Pitt Become Britain’s Prime Minister

during the War Wants to win the war and

will do what it takes to win Causes Britain to go into

a lot of debt

Wars of EmpireBritain and France are huge rivals

and in 1689 and 1748 they fight a series of wars—in Europe AND North America

French has support from the majority of Native Americans initiallyBritish have to work to get on their

sideBy 1754 there are more British

colonists than French—tip the balance French even more reliant on Indian

allies for protection What causes the French and Indian

War to break out? Both France and Great Britain wanted

to control the Ohio River Valleyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vKGU3aEGss

End of the French and Indian WarTreaty of Paris (1763): Ended war, British win. British keep Canada, Great Lakes country, and Ohio River Valley. Essentially British took all French land east of the Mississippi RiverEnglish settlers start moving into newly acquired landsThis leads to tribal rebellions in Great Lakes region—very

expensive for Britain to suppress , start making deals with tribes in the region

Proclamation of 1763: document ordering colonial settlers to stay east of the Appalachian Mountains

What was a major outcome of the French and Indian War?English get land east of MississippiBritish have massive war debtColonists want to inhabit new land but the crown tries to

control them—they do not like thisWhat happens to the relationship between the American Colonists and Great Britain as a result of the French and Indian War?

Colonists had enjoyed a great deal of freedom up to this point, did not like being limited by British

After investing so much blood and money to conquer North America the British wanted greater control over their colonies—not to mention the debt they accrued while fighting the war and protecting their land claims

Where are they going to get more money?

• Chief Pontiac—organizes the alliance of tribes that fight against the British

Pontiac's War begins against the British

Pontiac loses

Albany Plan of Union (1754)—document that called on the colonies to unite under British rule and to cooperate with one another for the war effort against the French. It would create a continental assembly with delegates from each colony. Drafted by Ben FranklinColonies reject, don’t want to lose autonomySignificance? Encourages the idea of colonies joining together to become one powerful unit in colonists minds