Chapter 1 LawQuiz

Vocabulary

_____ are court decisions that are referred to when courts are making decisions in future similar cases.

precedents

__________ is the power of the courts to rule whether a statute or act of government is unconstitutional.

Judicial review

A change or addition to a law or constitution is called a(n) _______________

amendment

_______________ are laws enacted by a legislative body.

statutes

A list of cases to be tried or reviewed by a court is called a(n) ____________________

docket

A written explanation of a court ruling, reflecting the view of over half the judges in the case is called a __________ opinion.

Majority opinion

A _________ is a written statement that a lawyer presents to a court to explain and argue a client’s case.

brief

A _________ frees a person from criminal punishment.

pardon

The authority of a court to hear and decide cases is called the court’s ______________.

jurisdiction

____________ is the clause in Article IV of the U. S. Constitution that requires states to honor each other’s laws, records, and court decisions.

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Anything that conflicts with or interferes with the Constitution is described as _____________________.

unconstitutional

__________________ is a provision in the Constitution that makes federal law a higher authority than state law.

Federal supremacy

Mercy or leniency granted to a person accused of a crime is called ____________.

clemency

The authority of a court to review cases appealed from a lower court is called __________ jurisdiction.

appellate

A _______ opinion is a written explanation of the views of one or more judges in a case who disagree with the decision of the majority of the judges in that case.

dissenting

A(n) ____________is a legal document that describes the powers and limits of government AND the rights and freedoms of the people.

constitution

________ means to approve a constitution, amendment, or law.

ratify

Authority held solely by a federal or state court to hear certain types of cases is called ________________ jurisdiction.

exclusive

Authority of a court to hear a case first is called _______________ jurisdiction.

original

_____________ is a system set up in the U.S. Constitution that gives each branch of the federal government ways of influencing what the other branches do, so that no branch becomes too powerful.

checks and balancesor

separation of powers

To formally accuse a public official of misconduct is to ___________ them.

impeach

__________ is the body of law that deals with all issues not covered by criminal law, including family matters, housing, business contracts, civil rights, and physical injuries.

Civil law

______________ is a body of law based on judges’ decisions.

common law

Branches of Government

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The legislative branch of government has the power to create all federal courts below the U.S. Supreme Court.

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The judicial branch of gov’t can propose amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The legislative branch has the power to review the constitutionality of executive orders.

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The judicial branch can overturn any law that conflicts with the U.S. Constitution.

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The legislative branch can override a veto of the President.

TRUE or FALSE?TRUE or FALSE?The executive branch interprets and applies the laws of the United States.

The Federal & State Court Systems

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

In the WA State Court System, which level of courts are the courts of original jurisdiction for felony criminal cases?

Courts of Appeal

Supreme Court

District Courts

Municipal Courts

Superior Courts

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which court is the final court of appeal for legal issues that relate to the U.S. Constitution?

U.S. Courts of Appeal

WA State Courts of Appeal

WA State Supreme Court

U. S. District Courts

U. S. Supreme Court

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

How many U.S. Courts of Appeal are there in the country?

1

3

94

39

13

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Where are the WA State Courts of Appeal located?

Tacoma, Seattle, and Everett

Tacoma, Wenatchee, and Spokane

Seattle, Yakima, and Spokane

Olympia, Seattle, and Spokane

Spokane, Tacoma, and Seattle

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which court would have original jurisdiction in a DUI case that happened in Redmond?

WA State Supreme Court

Bellevue Municipal Court

King County Superior Court

King County District Court

Redmond Municipal Court

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

If you sue your neighbor in Issaquah for cutting one of your trees down ($3,000), which court will have original jurisdiction?

WA State Supreme Court

U.S. District Court

King County Superior Court

Issaquah Municipal Court

Issaquah District Court

Miscellaneous

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

How many members are there in the U.S. House of Representatives?

200

150

335

100

435

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

What fraction of the states must vote “yes” to ratify a constitutional amendment?

4/5

1/3

1/2

2/3

3/4

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

What percentage of Congress must vote “yes” to create a new statute?

100%

60%

75%

67%

51%

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which judicial branch power would allow a court to overturn a state law that contradicted a federal law?

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

Federal Supremacy

Judicial Review

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about how an amendment is added to the U.S. Constitution?

2/3 of the House of Representatives must vote in favor of the amendment.

Congress proposes the amendment.

67 members of the Senate must vote in favor of the amendment.

¾ of the state must vote in favor of it for its ratification.

The President must sign it in order to ratify it.

U.S. Supreme Court Decisions

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established the law that legalized abortion?

Loving v. Virginia

Brown v. Board of Education

New Jersey v. T.L.O.

Miranda v. Arizona

Roe v. Wade

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established the law that arrested persons must be told the following: right to remain silent and right to an attorney?

New Jersey v. T.L.O.

Loving v. Virginia

Brown v. Board of Education

Roper v. Simmons

Miranda v. Arizona

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established the law that made the death penalty an illegal form of punishment for juveniles?

New Jersey v. T.L.O

Loving v. Virginia

Roe v. Wade

Miranda v. Arizona

Roper v. Simmons

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established the legalization of interracial marriages?

Miranda v. Arizona

New Jersey v. T.L.O.

Roper v. Simmons

Roe v. Wade

Loving v. Virginia

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established that school officials can search students without a warrant?

Loving v. Virginia

Roper v. Simmons

Miranda v. Arizona

Brown v. Board of Education

New Jersey v. T.L.O.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Which case established that public schools cannot discriminate on the basis of race?

Loving v. Virginia

Miranda v. Arizona

Roe v. Wade

New Jersey v. T.L.O.

Brown v. Board of Education

Sources of Law

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

What source of law does this law represent: Freedom of Speech

None of the above

Statutes

Court Decisions

Administrative Regulations

The Constitution

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Law: All pharmaceutical drugs must be thoroughly tested before being sold to the public.

None of the above

Court Decisions

The Constitution

Statutes

Administrative Regulations

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Law: Minimum wage laws

None of the above

Court Decisions

Administrative Regulations

The Constitution

Statutes

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Law: Public schools must allow all races to attend.

None of the above

The Constitution

Administrative Regulations

Statutes

Court Decisions

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

Law: A U.S. Senator’s term of office is 6 years.

None of the above

Administrative Regulations

Statutes

Court Decisions

The Constitution