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CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Information Systems
CHAPTER OUTLINE
1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?
1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems
1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?
1.4 Importance of Information Systems to Society
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Begin the process of becoming an informed user of your organization’s information
systems.
2. Define the terms data, information, and knowledge, and give examples of each.
3. Define the terms information technology, information system, computer-based information system, and application.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
4. Identify three ways in which you depend on information technology in your daily life.
5. Discuss three ways in which information technology can impact managers and three ways in which it can impact non- managerial managers.
6. List three positive and three negative societal effects of the increased use of information technology.
Chapter Opening Case
Robert F. Balazik/Shutterstock
E-Mealz
© Alex/iStockphoto
1.1 Why Should I Study Information Systems?
Yuri Acurs/Shutterstock
The Informed User – You!
Homo Conexus You are the most connected generation in history.
You practice continuous computing.
You are surrounded by a personal, movable information network.
© Voon Nam Fook/iStockphoto
Build Your Own Multinational Company
http://www.domystuff.com/
http://www.globetask.com/
http://www.guru.com/
http://www.vworker.com/
http://www.webgrity.com/
http://www.b2kcorp.com/
https://www.elance.com/
© Alex Gumerov/iStockphotoThese examples were created in 2011. How many links are still ‘original’?
Digital Nomads
Source: Media Bakery
They may have location independence but do they have
‘time zone independence’?
“Top Jobs” in AmericaMoney Magazine 2010
Managing Information Resources
Traditional Functions of MIS Department
Consultative Functions of MIS Department
Example: manage data center
Example: create business alliances
© stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Source: Howard Kingsnorth/The ImageBank/Getty Images, Inc.
1.2 Overview of Computer-Based Information Systems
© zu difeng/Shutterstock
Data
Information
Knowledge(Source: © janaka Dharmasena-Fotolia.com; Exactostock/SuperStock; uttamgurjar/Shutterstock)
Computer-Based Information Systems
Hardware Software Database
Network
Procedures
People(Source: Nasonov/Shutterstock; Angela Waye/Shutterstock; alexmillos/Shutterstock; broukoid/ Shutterstock; Mike Flippo/Shutterstock
Capabilities of Information Systems
Perform high-speed, high-volume numerical computations Provide fast, accurate communication and collaboration within
and among organizations Store huge amounts of information in small space
Allow quick, inexpensive access to vast amounts of information worldwide
Interpret vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently Increase effectiveness and efficiency of people working in groups in
one place or around the world Automate semiautomatic business process and manual tasks
Table 1.3
Application Programs
Angela Waye/Shutterstock
E-Discovery Software (IT’s About Business 1.3)
http://www.blackstonediscovery.com/
http://www.cataphora.com/
http://www.clearwellsystems.com/
http://www.autonomy.com/
Source: maxstockphoto/Shutterstock
Types of Information Systems
Information Systems Inside an Organization
Types of Information Systems
Information Systems Among Organizations
Types of Information Systems
Breadth of Support of Information Systems
Functional area information systems
Enterprise resource planning systems
Transaction processing systems
Interorganizational information systems
Types of Information Systems (continued)
Support for Organizational Employees
Office automation systems
Business intelligence systems
Expert systems
Dashboards
1.3 How Does IT Impact Organizations?
IT reduces the number of middle managers.
IT changes the manager’s job.
Will IT eliminate jobs?
IT impacts employees at work.
Ergonomic Products
Source: Media Bakery
When ergonomics doesn’t work
When all else fails…….
Enabling People with Disabilities to Work with Computers
Computer solutions available to
Visually-impaired users
Hearing-impaired users Motor-impaired users
© Harry Huber/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
1.4 Importance of Information Systems to Society
IT Affects Our Quality of Life
Robot Revolution on the Way
Improvements in Healthcare
The Robot Revolution
See video of ASIMO in action
See ASIMO commercial
See video of ASIMO learning
See video of Big Dog robot in action
© Stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc. ASIMO videos have been removed from YouTube
The Robot revolution (continued)
• Industrial Robots
See video of warehouse robots at work
• Telepresence Robots
See video of telepresence robot in action
Improvements in Health Care
See video of the pill cam in action
See video of daVinci Surgical Robot
See video of Laerdal Sim Man in action
© Stockbrokerxtra/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Chapter Closing Case
• The Problem
• The Solution
• The Results