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AACS4794 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS CHAPTER 1
Chapter 1 Information, Management and Decision Making
Data A streams of raw facts rerese!t"!# e$e!ts occ%rr"!#
&efore or#a!"'e( a!(
arra!#e()
Information *ata t+at +a$e &ee! s+ae( "!to a mea!"!#f%, form
or a form t+at "s
%sef%, to +%ma! &e"!#s)
Information systemro(%ces t+e "!format"o! w+ere or#a!"'at"o!s
re-%"re ma."!#
(ec"s"o!s/ co!tro,,"!# oerat"o!s a!( a!a,0'"!# ro&,ems) For
eam,e/ "!format"o!
s0stems +a!(,e (a",0 &%s"!ess tra!sact"o!s/ "mro$e coma!0
ro(%ct"$"t0 a!( +e,ma!a#ers ma.e so%!( (ec"s"o!s)
Management A rocess to ma.e se!se o%t of ma!0 s"t%at"o!s face(
&0
or#a!"'at"o!s/ ma."!# (ec"s"o!s/ form%,ate act"o! ,a!s to so,$e
or#a!"'at"o!a,ro&,ems a!( ("ff"c%,t"es)
1.1 What Managers Do?
To (ec"(e +ow "!format"o! s0stems ca! &e!ef"c"a, to ma!a#ers
a!( or#a!"'at"o!s/ "t "s
cr"t"ca, to (eterm"!e t+e 2o& f%!ct"o!s a!( ro,es of a
ma!a#er a!( t0es of "!format"o!
re-%"re( for (ec"s"o! ma."!#)
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F1331 A,e 5/333 5)33
F133 6a!a!a
3/333 )33
F133 Coco!%t 13/333 )53F1334 *%r"a! 15/333 7)33
F1335 Ora!#e 3/333 4)33
F1331 A,e 5/333 5)33
F133 6a!a!a
3/333 )33F133 Coco!%t 13/333 )53
F1334 *%r"a! 15/333 7)33
F1335 Ora!#e 3/333 4)33
Sales Location:Io+ P,a'a/ Io+
Store : IP 11
Ref No. Description Boxes Price/Box
F1331 A,e 5/333 RM 5)33
F133 6a!a!a 3/333 RM )33
Sales Location:Io+ P,a'a/ Io+
Store : IP 11
Ref No. Description Boxes Price/Box
F1331 A,e 5/333 RM 5)33F133 6a!a!a 3/333 RM )33
!ig"re 1.1 *ata a!( "!format"o!
I#!$%M&'I$# S(S')M
*ata Process"!# I!format"o!
Input Output
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AACS4794 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS CHAPTER 1
Manager "s t+e erso! w+o reso!s"&,e for see"!# t+at t+e
coma!0 "s erform"!# "ts
(a",0 roce(%res eff"c"e!t,0 a!( effect"$e,0) Co!se-%e!t,0/ t+e0
!ee( stat"st"cs a!(
s%mmar0 "!format"o! from a s0stem) T+e"r reso!s"&","t"es
ra!#e from ma."!# (ec"s"o!s/to wr"t"!# reorts/ to atte!("!#
meet"!#s)
Se!"or ma!a#ers ma.e ,o!#8ra!#e strate#"c (ec"s"o!s a&o%t
w+at ro(%cts a!(
ser$"ces to ro(%ce)
M"((,e ma!a#ers carr0 o%t t+e ro#rams a!( ,a!s of se!"or
ma!a#eme!t)
Oerat"o!a, ma!a#ers reso!s"&,e for mo!"tor"!# t+e
or#a!"'at"o!s (a",0 act"$"t"es)
1.1.1 'ypes of Management Model
:";) C,ass"ca, *escr"t"o!s of Ma!a#eme!t< C,ass"ca, Mo(e, of
Ma!a#eme!t
Most o%,ar met+o( s"!ce 193s &0 He!r" Fa0o,)
Tra("t"o!a, (escr"t"o! of ma!a#eme!t t+at foc%se( o! "ts forma,
f%!ct"o!s of
planning/ organizing/ coordinating/ decidinga!( controlling)
*"sa($a!ta#es< 8 =%st (escr"&e forma, ma!a#er"a,
f%!ct"o!s
8 >!a&,e to (escr"&e w+at ma!a#ers act%a,,0 (o
:"";) 6e+a$"ora, Mo(e,s
60 ?otter :19@;
*escr"t"o!s of ma!a#eme!t &ase( o! &e+a$"ora, sc"e!t"sts
o&ser$at"o!s of w+at
ma!a#ers act%a,,0 (o "! t+e"r 2o&s)
To (escr"&e t+e mor!"!# act"$"t"es of t+e res"(e!t of a!
"!$estme!t ma!a#eme!t
f"rm)
5 attr"&%tes of ma!a#er"a, &e+a$"orse of IT to (es"#!/
ro(%ce/ (e,"$er a!( ma"!ta"! !ew ro(%cts)
(e! 'esponsi"ility and control# Security and )ontrol
I!format"o! s0stems m%st &e (es"#!e( as t+e f%!ct"o!s are
"!te!(e( a!( ma!a#ers
ca! co!tro, t+e rocess)
E!s%r"!# sec%re/ re,"a&,e a!( acc%rate "!format"o! s0stems
are (e$e,oe()
1.* Introd"ction to Decision Making
Decision Making A rocess of c+oos"!# amo!# a,ter!at"$e co%rses
of act"o! for t+e
%rose of atta"!"!# a #oa, or #oa,s)
T+e res%,ts of ma."!# a (ec"s"o! %s%a,,0 mater"a,"'e "! t+e
f%t%re)
No o!e "s a erfect re("ctor of t+e f%t%re/ esec"a,,0 "! t+e ,o!#
r%!) T+%s/ ma!0
(ec"s"o!s "!$o,$e r"s.)
C+a!#es "! t+e (ec"s"o! ma."!# e!$"ro!me!t ma0 occ%r
co!t"!%o%s,0/ ,ea("!# to
"!$a,"(at"!# ass%mt"o!s a&o%t t+e s"t%at"o!)
1.*.1 'he 2rocess of Decision Making
C,ass"f"e( &0 or#a!"'at"o!a, ,e$e,/ correso!("!# to
strate#"c/ ma!a#eme!t/.!ow,e(#e a!( oerat"o!a, ,e$e,s of
or#a!"'at"o!)
Strategic decision making (eterm"!es t+e ,o!# term
o&2ect"$es/ reso%rces a!(
o,"c"es of t+e or#a!"'at"o!)
*anagement )ontrol Co!cer!e( w"t+ +ow eff"c"e!t,0 a!(
effect"$e,0 reso%rces are
%se( a!( +ow we,, oerat"o!a, %!"ts are erform"!#)
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