CHAPTER 1: CHAPTER 1: GOVERNMENT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE

PEOPLEPEOPLE CIVICS - the study of what it CIVICS - the study of what it

means to be an American citizen.means to be an American citizen. How has this meaning changed How has this meaning changed

over time? over time? GOVERNMENT - A person or a GOVERNMENT - A person or a

group of people who rule, or have group of people who rule, or have control over, the people in a control over, the people in a particular area.particular area.

A. American IdeasA. American Ideas1. 1. In your small groups discuss some In your small groups discuss some

ideals ideals

or freedoms that American citizens or freedoms that American citizens

have? (3 min.)have? (3 min.)

a. How do these ideas change with a. How do these ideas change with

where a person lives, what race they where a person lives, what race they

are, etc. (3 min.)are, etc. (3 min.)

2. Government officials who work for the 2. Government officials who work for the

people must answer to the people.people must answer to the people.

B. The Role of the CitizenB. The Role of the Citizen1. How does a citizen participate in 1. How does a citizen participate in

government?government?

a. Votinga. Voting

b. Working for a political partyb. Working for a political party

c. Inform government officialsc. Inform government officials

C. Qualities of a Good CitizenC. Qualities of a Good Citizen1. Responsible family member.1. Responsible family member.

2. Respect and obey laws.2. Respect and obey laws.

3. Respect the rights of others.3. Respect the rights of others.

4. Loyal4. Loyal

5. Active in government5. Active in government

6. Take part in improving life in 6. Take part in improving life in

communities.communities.

7. Respect individual differences.7. Respect individual differences.

8. Use natural resources wisely.8. Use natural resources wisely.

9. What else can you come up with.9. What else can you come up with.

D. Why take Civics?D. Why take Civics?1. Being a U.S. citizen is something we 1. Being a U.S. citizen is something we

often take for granted.often take for granted.

2. In order for our government to work we 2. In order for our government to work we

need citizens who are well informed and need citizens who are well informed and

care.care.

WHO ARE U.S. CITIZENSWHO ARE U.S. CITIZENS* The first settlers of America were the * The first settlers of America were the

Native Americans. Native Americans.

Emigrants - leaving one’s own country to Emigrants - leaving one’s own country to

settle in another.settle in another.

Immigrants - people who come into a country Immigrants - people who come into a country to settle.to settle.

THE IMMIGRATION MOVEMENT CAN THE IMMIGRATION MOVEMENT CAN BE SUMMARIZED INTO FIVE BE SUMMARIZED INTO FIVE MOVEMENTS:MOVEMENTS:

THE FIRST MOVEMENTTHE FIRST MOVEMENTA. SPAINA. SPAIN

1. Started with Columbus’s voyages.1. Started with Columbus’s voyages.

2. Brought Roman Catholic religion to 2. Brought Roman Catholic religion to

America.America.

3. Settlements were found in what is now 3. Settlements were found in what is now

called Florida, California, Texas and called Florida, California, Texas and

New Mexico.New Mexico.

B. FRANCEB. FRANCE

1. Established colonies mostly along the 1. Established colonies mostly along the

lakes.lakes.

2. Mainly involved in fur trading.2. Mainly involved in fur trading.

C. ENGLANDC. ENGLAND

1. First permanent English colony was 1. First permanent English colony was

settled at Jamestown.settled at Jamestown.

2. Original 13 colonies were settled by 2. Original 13 colonies were settled by

English.English.

3. Protestant was common religion.3. Protestant was common religion.

4. Farming and trading were main 4. Farming and trading were main

occupations.occupations.

5. English became the prominent 5. English became the prominent

language.language.

D. AFRICAN-AMERICANSD. AFRICAN-AMERICANS

1. Most were brought to America in 1. Most were brought to America in

bondagebondage

a. bondage - captivitya. bondage - captivity

FOUR MORE IMMIGRATION MOVMENTSFOUR MORE IMMIGRATION MOVMENTS

1. In 1790:1. In 1790:

75% of the people were of English 75% of the people were of English

descent.descent.

8% German Americans8% German Americans

17% Others17% Others

A. SECOND WAVE (1815-A. SECOND WAVE (1815- 1860) 1860)

1. Most came from Western Europe.1. Most came from Western Europe.

2. Small amount of Chinese.2. Small amount of Chinese.

3. 1861-1865 very little immigration to 3. 1861-1865 very little immigration to

the U.S. because of Civil War.the U.S. because of Civil War.

B. THIRD WAVE (1865-1890)B. THIRD WAVE (1865-1890)1. Majority of the immigration took place 1. Majority of the immigration took place

from Northern Europe.from Northern Europe.

C. FOURTH WAVE (1890-C. FOURTH WAVE (1890- 1924) 1924)

1. Majority of immigrants came from 1. Majority of immigrants came from

Eastern and Southern Europe.Eastern and Southern Europe.

2. America became a land of many 2. America became a land of many

different ethnic groups.different ethnic groups.

D. FIFTH WAVE (1945- D. FIFTH WAVE (1945- PRESENT) PRESENT)

1. Includes many people who were 1. Includes many people who were

forced to leave their country or are forced to leave their country or are

trying to escape country.trying to escape country.

a. Refugees - people who come to a. Refugees - people who come to

this land to seek protection.this land to seek protection.

U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICYU.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY1. The U.S. became known as the “melting 1. The U.S. became known as the “melting

pot”.pot”.

2. During the 1800’s the U.S. had an “open 2. During the 1800’s the U.S. had an “open

shore policy for immigration. (unlimited shore policy for immigration. (unlimited

immigration except for criminals)immigration except for criminals)

3. 1920 U.S. began to put a quota, or limit on 3. 1920 U.S. began to put a quota, or limit on

the number of immigrants allowed into the the number of immigrants allowed into the

country.country.

4. Immigration policy today is guided by the 4. Immigration policy today is guided by the

Immigration Act of 1990.Immigration Act of 1990.

a. 675,000 immigrants a year are allowed. a. 675,000 immigrants a year are allowed.

(Refugees are not included.)(Refugees are not included.)

A. Types of CitizenshipA. Types of Citizenship1. Native-Born - 1. Native-Born -

a. born in any of the states or U.S. a. born in any of the states or U.S.

territories you automatically become territories you automatically become

a citizen.a citizen.

b. One or both parents are a citizen, b. One or both parents are a citizen, you you

can be a citizen even if born in a can be a citizen even if born in a

foreign land.foreign land.

2. Citizenship by choice2. Citizenship by choice

a. Naturalization - process by a. Naturalization - process by

which foreign born peoplewhich foreign born people

become U.S. citizens.become U.S. citizens.

- Must be 18 years of age.- Must be 18 years of age.

- Must have lived in the U.S. for - Must have lived in the U.S. for

five years. (3 years if married to five years. (3 years if married to

an American citizen.)an American citizen.)

- Must give info about themselves - Must give info about themselves

and their family.and their family.

- Show they can speak, read, and - Show they can speak, read, and

write English.write English.

- Know something about - Know something about

American history and American history and

government.government.

- Two character witnesses.- Two character witnesses.

3. Steps to becoming a naturalized 3. Steps to becoming a naturalized

citizen:citizen:

a. Declaration of Intention (Optional) a. Declaration of Intention (Optional)

b. Petition (Form N-400 Applicationb. Petition (Form N-400 Application

to File for Naturalization)to File for Naturalization)

c. Examinationc. Examination

d. Final Hearingd. Final Hearing

4. No naturalized citizen can hold office 4. No naturalized citizen can hold office

of President or Vice President.of President or Vice President.

5. Aliens - citizens of other countries who 5. Aliens - citizens of other countries who

live in the U.S. (More than 21 live in the U.S. (More than 21

million.)million.)

a. Have same rights as U.S. citizens. a. Have same rights as U.S. citizens.

(Can not vote or hold public office.)(Can not vote or hold public office.)

b. Must register with Immigration b. Must register with Immigration

Service.Service.

6. Illegal Aliens (Estimates range from 3.5- 6. Illegal Aliens (Estimates range from 3.5-

4 million) 4 million)

a. More than half are from Mexicoa. More than half are from Mexico

b. Many work for low wages.b. Many work for low wages.

c. Deported - sent back to home c. Deported - sent back to home country.country.

B. Do All Citizens Have the Same RightsB. Do All Citizens Have the Same Rights

IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS WHETHER OR NOT DISCUSS WHETHER OR NOT AMERICANS ARE DIVIDED AMERICANS ARE DIVIDED INTO CLASSES AND IF IT INTO CLASSES AND IF IT EFFECTS THE WAY THEY ARE EFFECTS THE WAY THEY ARE TREATED AS CITIZENS. (7 TREATED AS CITIZENS. (7 MIN..) MIN..)

THE AMERICAN PEOPLE THE AMERICAN PEOPLE TODAYTODAY

1. Census - official counting of the people 1. Census - official counting of the people

every 10 years.every 10 years.

a. Determines how many legislators a a. Determines how many legislators a

state will have in Congress.state will have in Congress.

b. Tells a great deal about families.b. Tells a great deal about families.

A. Population GrowthA. Population Growth1. Nations grow in three ways:1. Nations grow in three ways:

a. Increase in populationa. Increase in population

- Nations population could exceed - Nations population could exceed

350 million by 2025.350 million by 2025.

- Birthrate - number of live births - Birthrate - number of live births per per

1,000 members of 1,000 members of

population.population.

- Death rate - number of deaths per - Death rate - number of deaths per

1,000 members of 1,000 members of

population.population.

b. Adding new territoryb. Adding new territory

c. Immigrationc. Immigration

2. Today’s population continues to grow 2. Today’s population continues to grow

but the rate of growth is getting smaller but the rate of growth is getting smaller

and smaller.and smaller.

WHY??WHY??

B. A People on the MoveB. A People on the Move1. Farm populations have become smaller 1. Farm populations have become smaller

every year.every year.

a. Rural areas - farms and small towns.a. Rural areas - farms and small towns.

b. Urban areas - bigger cities.b. Urban areas - bigger cities.

c. suburbs - cities surrounding big cities.c. suburbs - cities surrounding big cities.

(people living in suburbs outnumbers (people living in suburbs outnumbers

those living in bigger cities.)those living in bigger cities.)

d. Metropolitan Areas - cities and their d. Metropolitan Areas - cities and their

suburbs. (3/4 of the U.S. pop. lives in suburbs. (3/4 of the U.S. pop. lives in

these areas.)these areas.)

C. Another Population ShiftC. Another Population Shift1. Migration - large movements of people 1. Migration - large movements of people

from 1 region to another.from 1 region to another.

a. In the U.S. people are moving from a. In the U.S. people are moving from

the Midwest and Northeast to the the Midwest and Northeast to the

South and West. (People are moving South and West. (People are moving

to the sunbelt)to the sunbelt)

IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS DISCUSS WHY PEOPLE ARE MOVING FROM WHY PEOPLE ARE MOVING FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS AND TO THE RURAL TO URBAN AREAS AND TO THE SUNBELT?SUNBELT?WHAT PROBLEMS MIGHT THIS CAUSE?WHAT PROBLEMS MIGHT THIS CAUSE?(YOU HAVE 5 MIN..)(YOU HAVE 5 MIN..)

WHY DO CONFLICTS WHY DO CONFLICTS ARISE ARISE

IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS IN YOUR SMALL GROUPS COME UP WITH 15 COME UP WITH 15 REASONS WHY REASONS WHY CONFLICTS ARISE:CONFLICTS ARISE:(5 MIN)(5 MIN)

WHAT ARE 15 WAYS TO WHAT ARE 15 WAYS TO SETTLE CONFLICT? (5 SETTLE CONFLICT? (5 MIN)MIN)

D. BUSINESS AND D. BUSINESS AND CONFLICTCONFLICT

1. Organized labor - working men and 1. Organized labor - working men and

women who belong to unions.women who belong to unions.

2. Organized management - people who 2. Organized management - people who

operate a business.operate a business.

3. Collective bargaining - the ability of 3. Collective bargaining - the ability of

labor unions to meet with employers labor unions to meet with employers

to work out agreements concerning to work out agreements concerning

working conditions and wages.working conditions and wages.

E. A Diverse PopulationE. A Diverse Population1. As we said before the U.S. is known as a 1. As we said before the U.S. is known as a

melting pot.melting pot.

a. African Americans are the largest a. African Americans are the largest

minority group.( 33%)minority group.( 33%)

b. Hispanic Americans are second.b. Hispanic Americans are second.

c. Fastest growing group is Asian c. Fastest growing group is Asian

Americans.Americans.

F. Families and Their RolesF. Families and Their Roles1. Family size is getting smaller.1. Family size is getting smaller.

2. More people are living alone.2. More people are living alone.

3. More single parent families. (Less than 3. More single parent families. (Less than

30% of today's households are 30% of today's households are

traditional.)traditional.)

4. More people are graduating from college.4. More people are graduating from college.

5. More women are joining the work force.5. More women are joining the work force.

6. The nation is growing older.6. The nation is growing older.

a. Death rate and birth rate are both a. Death rate and birth rate are both

decreasing.decreasing.

DISCUSS WHAT POSITIVES AND DISCUSS WHAT POSITIVES AND NEGATIVES DO YOU SEE FROM THE NEGATIVES DO YOU SEE FROM THE PREVIOUS STATISTICS? (3 MIN)PREVIOUS STATISTICS? (3 MIN)

POSSIBLE ASSIGNMENTSPOSSIBLE ASSIGNMENTS 1. Bring in article to showing how government effects 1. Bring in article to showing how government effects

our every day lives.our every day lives. 2. Find out which immigration movement your 2. Find out which immigration movement your

ancestors came over in.ancestors came over in. 3. Skills worksheet pg. 13. Skills worksheet pg. 1 4. Enrichment worksheet pg. 14. Enrichment worksheet pg. 1 5. Building your portfolio pg. 195. Building your portfolio pg. 19 6. Citizenship in your community pg. 196. Citizenship in your community pg. 19 7. Quiz (Chap 1)7. Quiz (Chap 1) 8. Pg. 96 American Govrn. Worksheets8. Pg. 96 American Govrn. Worksheets EXTRA CREDIT (10 pts.)EXTRA CREDIT (10 pts.) 1. Voc workshop Main ideas and Thinking critically pg. 1. Voc workshop Main ideas and Thinking critically pg.

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