Chapter 1 Economics of Generation

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Economics of generation


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INTRODUCTION

The per capita electrical energyconsumption by the people of a country isan index of its standard of living thegro!th of its economy and an indication of

its po!er to a"ect the course of events inothers countries#

$or determining electrical energyre%uirements of an area it is necessary to

&nd out the population of the to!n thestandard of living industrial developmentin the area and the cost of electrical energyand other alternative source of energy#


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De&nition

'# Connected load

the sum of total rating(in )*+ of the variousof electrical e%uipment installed in theconsumer,s premises#

2. Maximum demand

the maximum load in )* !hich a consumeruses at any time#

3. Demand factor

the ratio of it,s maximum demand to theconnected load#


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4. Daily load curve.

The electrical energy !ill be

consumed by a consumed bythe consumer as and !hen heneeds# This means his load on

the system !ill )eep onchanging !ith time#


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5. Load factor

the ratio of average load to

maximum load on the supplysystem#


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6. Diversity factor

-fter deciding about the maximum

demands of the various consumers anengineer must consider ho! theseindividual maximum demands occur so

that the load factor of the plant is

maximum and the overall plantcapacity re%uired is minimum#


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.oad duration curve

The load curve gives us an idea of the loadat any instant of time in a day or over theyears#

- load duration curve enable us to

determine the number of hours per year!hen the load is greater or less than anygiven amount#

/imilarly it also sho!s the loads that are

carried for more or lesser than particularduration#

The procedure for plotting the load durationcurve is as follo!s0


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Number and si1e of generatorunits -fter the load curve has been plotted and predictions made as to the extent

and manner of gro!th of the plant load the po!er engineer is ready to

proceed !ith determination of the number and si1e of units to be installedta)ing into account the reliability of supply#

.oad curve sho!s the load on the po!er station never constant# It )eeps on2uctuating from a max do!n to small min#


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Chapter 1 Economics of Generation