Chapter 04 Ppt

The System UnitThe system unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process dataDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*

Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4

The System UnitThe inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


The System UnitThe motherboard is the main circuit board of the system unitA computer chip contains integrated circuitsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorThe processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computerContain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorThe control unit is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computerThe arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operationsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorFor every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycleDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorMost current personal computers support pipeliningProcessor begins fetching a second instruction before it completes the machine cycle for the first instructionDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorThe leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips are Intel and AMDDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorDetermine how you plan to use a new computer before selecting a processorDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorA processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to burn upRequire additional coolingHeat sinksLiquid cooling technologyDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


ProcessorParallel processing uses multiple processors simultaneously to execute a single program or taskMassively parallel processing involves hundreds or thousands of processorsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Data RepresentationDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Data RepresentationA computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical chargeEight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte. A byte represents a single character in the computerDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Data RepresentationASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most widely used coding scheme to represent dataDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Data RepresentationDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryMemory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the dataStores three basic categories of items:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryEach location in memory has an addressMemory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB)Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*Page 223 Figure 4-17


MemoryThe system unit contains two types of memory:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*Pages 223 - 224


MemoryDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryThree basic types of RAM chips exist:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryRAM chips usually reside on a memory module and are inserted into memory slotsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryThe amount of RAM necessary in a computer often depends on the types of software you plan to useDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryMemory cache speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and dataDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*Page 227 Figure 4-22


MemoryDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryFlash memory can be erased electronically and rewrittenCMOS technology provides high speeds and consumes little powerDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


MemoryAccess time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memoryMeasured in nanosecondsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Expansion Slots and Adapter CardsAn expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter cardAn adapter card enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripheralsSound card and video cardDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Expansion Slots and Adapter CardsWith Plug and Play, the computer automatically can configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install themDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Expansion Slots and Adapter CardsRemovable flash memory includes:Memory cards, USB flash drives, and PC Cards/ExpressCard modulesDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsOn a notebook computer, the ports are on the back, front, and/or sidesDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsA USB port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connectorYou can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a USB hubDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsOther types of ports include:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsA Bluetooth wireless port adapter converts a USB port into a Bluetooth portA smart phone might communicate with a notebook computer using an IrDA portDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Ports and ConnectorsA port replicator is an external device that provides connections to peripherals through ports built into the deviceA docking station is an external device that attaches to a mobile computer or deviceDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


BusesA bus allows the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each otherData busAddress busWord size is the number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given timeDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


BusesExpansion slots connect to expansion busesCommon types of expansion buses include:Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


BaysA bay is an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipmentA drive bay typically holds disk drivesDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Power SupplyDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Putting It All TogetherDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


Keeping Your Computer or Mobile Device CleanDiscovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 4*


***********************************************

Documents

Chapter 04 Ppt