Chapter - 03 Regional Setting

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Development Plan for Kalpetta Municipality

Town & Country Planning Department, Government of Kerala

Regional Setting

Fig 3.1 Regional linkage of Kalpetta with surrounding district / state

The regional linkage of Kalpetta with surrounding district / state is shown in Fig 3.1 and the

road network of Wayanad district is shown in Fig 3.2. The analysis of regional linkage clearly

emerges out the following fact

Fig 3.2 Transportation network of Wayanad


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Regional Setting

NH 766 (Kozhikode - Kalpetta -Sultan Battery- Gundlupet - Mysore - Kollegal) is the majortransportation corridor connecting not only the Kalpetta town but also the whole district

for commutation of passenger and goods.

NH 766 (Kozhikode - Kalpetta -Sultan Battery- Gundlupet - Mysore - Kollegal) passesthrough the entire length of the Kalpetta Municipality dividing the municipality in to two.

Kalpetta town is well connected with Kozhikode one of the commercial hub of KeralaState, Mysore world famous tourist spot and urban centre in Karnataka State, Bangaluruknown as Garden city and IT hub of India by NH 766.

Kalpetta is well connected with Calicut International Airport situated at Karipore inMalappuram District (about 90 Km from Kalpetta) Mysore Air Port in Karnataka State by

NH 766

Kalpetta is well connected with nearby Port Beypore Port by NH 766. Kalpetta is well connected with Ootty, world famous hill station and tourist spot in

Tamilnadu district by SH - 29 (Kalpetta- Meppadi Vaduvanchal- Choladi- Cherampadi-

Gudalure- Ootty)

Other regional linkage of Kalpetta Town with surrounding District / State are1. Kalpetta Kainatty Panamaram Mananthavady- Boys town-Periya-Thalassery Kannur

2. Kalpetta Kainatty Panamaram Mananthavady- Thettu Road- Thirunelly(famous pilgrim centre).

3. Kalpetta Kainatty Panamaram Mananthavady- Thettu Road Tholpetti Mysore

4. Kalpetta Kainatty Panamaram Mananthavady Ammani Bavali Kutta Gonikoppai Hunsur - Mysore (Presently alternative route to Mysore due to

restriction for night journey in NH- 766)

3.2 Regional setting of the town within the district based on the District

Urbanisation Report

The regional setting of the town within the district has been established by analysing the

1. Inter District Connectivity Pattern2. Hierarchy of Settlements derived out in the District Urbanisation Report3. Functional Character of Settlements derived out in the District Urbanisation Report4. Future Urban Profile of Settlements derived out in the District Urbanisation Report5. Activity Pattern of Settlements derived out in the District Urbanisation Report6. Spatial Structure of the District derived out in the District Urbanisation Report

3.2.1 Inter District Connectivity Pattern

Kalpetta is well connected with various growth centres and tourist spot within the District

by fairly distributed road network. Obviously the NH-212 is the major transportation nerve which

facilitates the above linkage. The Municipality have 8.10Km of NH 766 running south to north

through the centre of the Municipality dividing the municipality in to two fairly equal portions.

The second order road network consists of SH-54 Kalpetta- Pinangode road running from NH 766

towards west and MDR like Kalpetta- Mananthavady road and Kalpetta-Meppadi road starting

from NH 766 connects the Municipality with Mananthavady and Meppadi respectively. Fig 3.2shows the existing road network in the District and Fig 3.3 shows the existing road network


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Regional Setting

within the Municipality. The analysis of the road network of the district and Municipality reveals

the following facts

Kalpetta is well connected with the major growth centres and second order settlementswithin the district which are Sulthan Batheri and mananthavadi by NH-766 and SH.

Kalpetta is well connected with prominent tourist places within the district by fairlydistributed road network.

Fig 3.3 Transportation network of Kalpetta municipality

3.2.2 Hierarchy of Settlements derived out in the District Urbanisation ReportThe existing hierarchy of settlements within the district is determined based on the

number and order of facilitation. Cumulative functional index (CFI) method is used for this

purpose. The CFI of a settlement is assessedbased on the number and presence of education,

health, market, agricultural and allied section, transportation and community facilitation in thesettlement CFI is plotted against the number of settlements to find out the hierarchy of

settlements. From the analysis, it is seen that Kalpetta Municipality comes as the only Ist

order

settlement with a high CFI compared to other settlements in the district. Sulthan Batheri and

Mananthavady grama panchayats come in the IInd

order category. 8 LSGs comes under IIIrd

order

settlements and the remaining 15 local bodies are grouped under IVth

order settlements. The Ist

order settlement is the meeting point of NH and SH and also in the District Head Quarter. The IInd

order settlement identified are taluk Head Quarter. Fig 3.4 shows the spatial distribution of the

Ist

, IInd

and IIIrd

order settlements in the District. The Identified IInd

order settlements are the

major growth centres in the district.


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Regional Setting

Fig 3.5 Functional classification of the LSGs in the district

3.2.4 Future Urban Profile of Settlements derived out in the DistrictUrbanisation Report

There is only one Urban Local Self Government (Kalpetta Municipality) in the District. The

future urban profile of the district is determined based on criteria like existing statutoryurban

area, census urban area, grade of LSGs, hierarchy of settlements and perspectives in urban

developments. It is revealed that there will be 8 more urban LSGs in the District by the end of

next two decade. The growth rate of population density and present condition of the local body

can be taken as deciding criteria by how fast it attain urban nature. It is assumed that, LSGsshowing good development potential and having average growth rate of population density

more than 20% may attain urban status in next decade. It can be inferred that Wayanad district

will urbanize as urban towns instead of urban panchayats or urban municipalities. The Fig 3.6

shows the urban profile of the district. It should be noted that the future urban centres are well

connected with Kalpetta and most of them are nearby LSGs.


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Regional Setting

Fig 3.6 Urban profile of the district

3.2.5 Activity Pattern derived out in the District Urbanisation ReportThe activity pattern of the settlements of the district is determined based on the Functional

Character, land use concentration and urban profile. It is seen from the analysis, in the 10 LSGs

the predominant activity is primary (agriculture) in which agriculture and animal husbandry

activity are predominant and in another 8 LSGs Agriculture along with plantation and Forest

activity are predominant. In 7 LSGs secondary and tertiary activities are predominant and only

one Local Self Government (Kalpetta Municipality) shows urban activities are predominant. It is

inferred that Panamaram Grama Panchayat has to be upgraded as urban area because it

becomes Head Quarter of newly formed block panchayat and its development potential shows a

drastic increase. Similarly Vythiri grama panchayat shows both primary and urban activitytogether. It is an entry panchayat to Wayanad district and taluk head quarter. NH 766 passing

through it. Hence in near future it will change to urban activity area. Fig 3.7 shows the activity

pattern of the district.


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Regional Setting

Fig 3.7 Activity pattern of the settlements of Wayanad district

3.2.6 Spatial Structure of the District derived out in the District Urbanisation

Report

The spatial structure of a region is defined as the geographical distribution of people and

other uses of land across the region and the pattern of trips necessitated by their land uses;

spatial structure of a region defines the function within the sub region, hierarchy and

connectivity. The spatial structure of the district can be obtained by overlaying the map of

activity pattern, hierarchy of settlements and connectivity. This gives the spatial structure of the

district in the present scenario.

The major activity in Wayanad district is agriculture including plantation. Concentration of

forest land around the peripheral region limits urban as well as agricultural activities in these

areas. The district is well connected with roads with a well developed road network composed of

NH, SH, district roads and Village roads. The major problems are poor surface conditions of the

most of the roads and insufficient carriage width. In other words, the settlements are well

connected with poor roads. As per the proposed hierarchy of settlements in the district

Urbanization Report (DUR), there is one first order settlement, two second order settlements

and eight third order settlements in the district. Ist

and IInd

order settlements shows urban nature

whereas most of the third order settlements shows semi rural characteristics and the remaining

pucca rural.

Higher concentration of forest land and agricultural and environment tourism based

economy holds this district in and semi-rural character. Activities in Wayanad are scattered

everywhere is best example of ribbon development and hence the identified urban area holding


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Regional Setting

lion share of NH and SH. Since there are no major industrial or commercial development

proposals, in the district, Wayanad will continue the present spatial structure. Considering the

geographical and environmental conditions of Wayanad, the projects which introduced should

be non-polluting and eco-friendly ones. The analysis of spatial structure clearly reveals the entire

spatial structure is based on the existing urban centre and district head quarter Kalpetta as first

order settlement. Fig 3.8 shows the Spatial Structure of the district.

Fig 3.8 Spatial structure of the district

3.3 ConclusionThe analysis of Regional linkage of the town with surrounding District/State and Regional

setting of the town within the district based on the District Urbanisation Report clearly points

out the fact that the Kalpetta municipality is well connected with surrounding District/State,

Airport, Port, tourist spots, growth centres within the district by road network. The analysis also

reveals the fact that the Kalpetta has got dual function. That is in terms of district head quarter,

only urban centre in the district & only fist order settlements the town has to perform the

function of an urban centre with due consideration to service sector activity. Where as in terms

of land use, presents of vested forest, average plot size, unique topography the town has also to

sustain agro allied activity so as to ensure the optimum resource utilisation and above all to

ensure the ecological and environmental aspects.

Documents

Chapter - 03 Regional Setting