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Earth and the Sun• The Earth, the sun, the
planets, and the stars in the sky are all part of a galaxy, or family of stars.– Our galaxy is called the
• Even though the sun is about 93 million miles away, it provides heat and light.
Earth and the Sun
• Earth travels around the sun in a nearly circular
• Earth takes 365 ¼ days, or one year, to complete one
Understanding Days and Nights• Earth circles the
sun• Earth turns on
its • Earth’s
takes about 24 hours.
• As Earth turns towards the sun the sun appears to rise.
• Earth rotates toward the east, so the day starts earlier in the east.
• The time difference is just a few seconds per mile.
• So, governments have divided the world into standard time zones.
Time Zones
Seasons and Latitudes• The axis of Earth is
tilted relative to its orbit.
• At the summer solstice, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted farthest toward the sun.
• At the winter solstice, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted farthest from the sun.
• The area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are called the low latitudes.
• The areas above the Artic Circle and below the Antarctic Circle are the high latitudes.
• The areas between are the middle latitudes.
Latitudes
• Our galaxy is just one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.
• We call our galaxy the Milky Way because, in a dark night sky, away from city lights its billions of stars look like a trail of spilled milk.
Milky Way
• Axis is an imaginary line through Earth between the North and South poles, around which Earth turns.