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Changing the nature of ‘trading nature’. Ulrich Malessa on timber Anastasiya Timoshyna on non timber forest products TRAFFIC. TRAFFIC's goal is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the conservation of nature. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Changing the nature of ‘trading nature’
Ulrich Malessa on timberAnastasiya Timoshyna on non timber forest products
TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC's goal is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the conservation of nature. TRAFFIC's vision is of a world in which trade in wild animals and plants is managed at sustainable levels without damaging the integrity of ecological systems and in such a manner that it makes a significant contribution to human needs, supports local and national economies and helps to motivate commitments to the conservation of wild species and their habitats.
Threatened species
Critical resources
Areas of high biodiversity
Livelihoods and incentives
Wildlife trade and the MDGs
• Poverty and hunger (MDG1)• Gender equality (MDG3)• Health and wellbeing (MDG4, 5, 6)• Environmental sustainability
(MDG7)• Global partnership (MDG8)
TRAFFIC- ONE GLOBAL PROGRAMME -
TRAFFIC: work on resource securityHelp prevent illegal harvest and
tradeImprove sustainable
management of legal harvest and trade
• Providing guidance to government agencies, private sector, international agreements, donors
Issues
Conservation, Environmental and social concerns
Tim
ber
flow
Shipping
Export
Import
… on Customs
Control of product flow
… on CITES
Transport
Procesing
Transport
Harvest / Forest
… on FLEG (T)
… on FTA
… on Lacey Act /
ETRPolicies
Regulations
Forest Management
Economics
Rights, use, access
… g
over
nanc
e ca
paci
ty (c
ivil
soci
ety
… to make trade sustainable, legal
and transparent …
TRAFFIC’s timber strategy
Issues
Conservation, Environmental and social concerns
Tim
ber
flow
Shipping
Export
Import
… on Customs
Control of product flow
… on CITES
Transport
Procesing
Transport
Harvest / Forest
… on FLEG (T)
… on FTA
… on Lacey Act /
ETRPolicies
Regulations
Forest Management
Economics
Rights, use, access
… g
over
nanc
e ca
paci
ty (c
ivil
soci
ety
… to make trade sustainable, legal
and transparent …
TRAFFIC’s timber strategy
Issues
Conservation, Environmental and social concerns
Tim
ber
flow
Shipping
Export
Import
… on Customs
Control of product flow
… on CITES
Transport
Procesing
Transport
Harvest / Forest
… on FLEG (T)
… on FTA
… on Lacey Act /
ETRPolicies
Regulations
Forest Management
Economics
Rights, use, access
… g
over
nanc
e ca
paci
ty (c
ivil
soci
ety
… to make trade sustainable, legal
and transparent …
TRAFFIC’s timber strategy
Issues
Conservation, Environmental and social concerns
Tim
ber
flow
Shipping
Export
Import
… on Customs
Control of product flow
… on CITES
Transport
Procesing
Transport
Harvest / Forest
… on FLEG (T)
… on FTA
… on Lacey Act /
ETRPolicies
Regulations
Forest Management
Economics
Rights, use, access
… g
over
nanc
e ca
paci
ty (c
ivil
soci
ety
… to make trade sustainable, legal
and transparent …
TRAFFIC’s timber strategy
Common Legality Framework
Common Legality FrameworkPrinciples: 1. Access, use rights and tenure2. Harvesting regulations3. Transportation of logs and wood
products4. Processing regulations5. Import and export regulations6. Environmental regulations7. Conservation regulations8. Social regulations9. Taxes, fees and royalties10. Subcontractors and partners (specific to
Africa)
Process of developing the Common Legality Framework
• Needs assessment• Draft Principles for agreement by stakeholders• Develop criteria, indicators, guidance notes and verifiers• Identify legal references• Stakeholder consultation• Revision of PC&I• Harmonization with common legality framework• Peer review• Validation workshop • Review by lawyer in each target country• Review by expert auditor
Process of developing the Common Legality Framework
• Needs assessment• Draft Principles for agreement by stakeholders• Develop criteria, indicators, guidance notes and verifiers• Identify legal references• Stakeholder consultation• Revision of PC&I• Harmonization with common legality framework• Peer review• Validation workshop • Review by lawyer in each target country• Review by expert auditor
► Participatory Process
Process of developing the Common Legality Framework
• Needs assessment• Draft Principles for agreement by stakeholders• Develop criteria, indicators, guidance notes and verifiers• Identify legal references• Stakeholder consultation• Revision of PC&I• Harmonization with common legality framework• Peer review• Validation workshop • Review by lawyer in each target country• Review by expert auditor (what documentation is needed?)
► Participatory Process Expert input►
Framework used• Indicators and verifiers defined in
China • Vietnam • Central African Republic • Democratic Republic of Congo • Republic of Congo • Gabon
• Capacity building for stakeholders defining legality
• Guidance for corporate sector • Inform legality verification schemes• Contribute to certification standards
Uses of wild collected plants
Spices
Food
Medicines Cosmetics
Conservation: The focus
on the species and products
F.Barsch
Medicinal plants
Used:~17,000 species well-documented
~60,000 plant species used globally
Traded: ~3,000 species internationally
Commercially Cultivated: only ~900 species world-wide
Resource under pressure30 - 45% of medicinal plant species may be declining
and threatened with extinction in the wild.
Wild collection of plants Growing demand for wild collected products: pressure on species and ecosystems Collection areas often in marginalized regions : collectors reliant
Challenges Ensure conservation of natural resources and establish
sustainable management systems Introduce fair trade and social accountability for sustainable
development of the collection region
Global medicinal plants exports
1999 20090
200,000,000
400,000,000
600,000,000
800,000,000
1,000,000,000
1,200,000,000
1,400,000,000
1,600,000,000
1,800,000,000
OtherCanadaIndiaRepublic of KoreaGermanyUSAChina, Hong Kong SARChina
Expo
rt V
alue
USD
Mill
ions
UN Comtrade Data, 2011
Global medicinal plants imports
1999 2009 -
200,000,000
400,000,000
600,000,000
800,000,000
1,000,000,000
1,200,000,000
1,400,000,000
1,600,000,000
1,800,000,000
2,000,000,000
OtherFranceJapanGermanyUSAChina, Hong Kong SAR
UN Comtrade Data, 2011
FairWild and relevant frameworks
Market
driven
require-
ments
Laws
Policy
Health and safety
Ecological Social
Quality
GACP
Development 2004-2006 Implementation 2007-2009 2010-...
FairWild development process
Legal Adoption& Policy
CITES
Drafting Voluntary Codes of Practice
Consultation
ResourceManagement
Certification
Development Cooperation
Information &Training
Plant Product
People &Politics
Testing
FairWild Standard• Global framework verifying ecological, social and economic
sustainability of wild collected ingredients and products• The FairWild Standard builds on two initiatives:
and
Social and quality
requirements
Ecological and quality
requirements
FairWild Foundation • Established in 2008 and works towards the sustainable use of
wild-collected ingredients, with a fair deal for all those involved throughout the supply chain
• First FAIRWILD® certified products came on the market in 2009
FairWild Standard principles1. Maintaining wild plant resources2. Preventing negative environmental impacts3. Complying with laws, regulations, and agreements4. Respecting customary rights and benefit sharing5. Promoting fair contractual relationships between operators
and collectors6. Limiting participation of children in wild collection activities7. Ensuring benefits for collectors and their communities8. Ensuring fair working conditions for all workers of FairWild
collection operations9. Applying responsible management practices10.Applying responsible business practices11.Promoting FairWild buyer commitment
FairWild Standard use
Includes: resource assessmentmanagement plansustainable collection practicescost calculation along the supply chaintraceability of goods and financesdocumented fair trading practices
FairWild Projects
Brazil (Amazon)Model implementation at
community level (Access and Benefit Sharing)
Mekong regionImplemented with
community in Cambodia and new project in VietNam
LesothoDevelopment of a regional
management plan for Pelargonium sidoides together with national authorities (CITES link)
South East EuropeImplementation of FW in co-operation with partners from the local private sector and government authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Upper Yangtze Inclusion of FW into the development of regional resource management in China and market links
Eastern HimalayasIn Nepal, use of FW in
conservation areas and buffer zones managed by
local communitiesIn India, use to influence
policy; community resource management
EUROPE
SOUTHERN CAUCASUS
GHANA
FW FOUNDATION (CH)FWF Secretariat (UK)
USA
FW Standard use pathways1. Voluntary codes of practice, internal standards
(companies, associations, donors)2. Local, regional and national resource management
schemes (Government institutions)
3. Legal frameworks and policies (conservation, trade policy, international agreements - CBD, CITES)
4. Certification (for businesses at all stages of the wild plants trade chain - FairWild Label)
Thank you!For more information, please contact:
Anastasiya Timoshyna [email protected]
andUlrich Malessa
www.traffic.org
• Additional slides
Alternative Management ActionCollection Practice Adjustments
Situation Analysis
Ada
ptiv
e M
anag
emen
t Cyc
leB
ased
on
Leam
an a
nd C
unni
ngha
m (2
008)
and
Elz
inga
et a
l. (1
998)
Yes
Resource Management ObjectiveProductivity Target, Regeneration Target
Evaluation of Monitoring ResultsResource Management Objective Achieved?Adequate productivity / yield / quality?Adequate regeneration?Harvest controls effective?
No
Resource AssessmentResource Inventory, Yield / Regeneration Studies
Periodic MonitoringRecovery/Regeneration Rate, Yield, Quality
Resource Management ActionCollection Practice (Time, Method, Limit)
Indicators and guidance notes/verifiers – specific to each country
Example (example for CAR)Principle 1: Access, use rights and tenureCriterion 1.1: The company is legally registered
with the relevant administrative authoritiesIndicator 1.1.1: Registration with the economic,
social and forest authoritiesGuidance notes/Verifiers: Verify that
documentation held by the company includes:– An official agreement to exercise commercial
activities in CAR issued by the Ministry of Trade and the Registry of the Commercial Court
– Certificates, licences and written evidence of tax payment issued by the General Directorate for Taxes
– Documentary evidence of contributions to the Social Security Agency.
