Changes in Occupational Structure

8/11/2019 Changes in Occupational Structure

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Changes in occupational

structure


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Occupational structure: occupational

structure refers to the distribution of

working force into various sectors of

economic activity.

An occupation is defined as an economic

activity which provides means of

livelihood to those engaged in it.


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Relationship between economic

development and occupational

structureThere is a close relationship betweendevelopment of an economy and itsoccupational structure.

As a country develops, there is a shift ofworkers from the primary sector to thesecondary and tertiary sector.

Increased in manufacturing employmentabsorbs a major part of the populationreleased from agriculture.


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sector 1951 1971 1991 2002 2004 2008

primary 72.1 72.1 66.8 60.4 58.4 52.1

Secondary 10.7 11.2 12.7 15.8 18.2

Tertiary 17.2 16.7 20.5 23.8 23.4


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Analysis from the above table is as

follows The rate of structural change in occupational distribution

appears to be very slow. The share of primary sector inthe total work force has declined from 72.1%in 1951 to52.1% in 2008-09

The share of secondary sector is increasing but with avery slow rate.

the share of tertiary sector is rising from just 17.2%in1951 to 23.4% in 2004-05

It is clear that secondary and tertiary sectors have notbeen adding much to employment opportunities due touse of modern capital intensive technology.


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The whole period beginning from 1901,

can be divided into sub-periods. During

the first sub-period. Lasting till as late as

1971, the occupational structure of Indiadid not change at all. The secondary

period covers the period since 1971, over

the last three decades, some definitechanges have taken place.


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The process of modernization of theeconomy is underway. But the pace ofmodernization is so slow that is does not

leave a mark on the occupationalstructure. The number of workers inmodern industries is on an increase . Alsothere is an impressive expansion of job

opportunities in services like education,health, science, railways, communicationsetc.


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By 1981-82, agriculture and allied activities were thedominant sector in India as they accounted for 41.1%ofthe net domestic product (NDP). The service sectorwhich is quite heterogeneous steadily grew over this

period and by 1981-82 emerged as one of the leadingsectors accounting for 35.6% of the NDP

Some development economists argue that the growth ofservices sector in India in recent decades reflects thestructural transformation that normally occurs in a

developing economy as it moves to a somewhat higherlevel of economic development.


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Growth of service sector in this country is a

positive development and it should be further

encouraged as it may transform India into a

agrarian economy into modern developedeconomy. According to economists the future of

the Indian economy rests with services-led

growth. Some other economists believe that

services are hugely important, but cannot bythemselves assure rapid and sustained growth

of the Indian economy.


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In rural areas

71% of workforce in primary sector

11% of workforce is in secondary sector

12% of workforce is in tertiary sector

In urban areas

10% workforce is in primary sector

31% of workforce is in secondary sector

59% of workforce is in tertiary sectors

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Changes in Occupational Structure