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7/31/2019 Challanges for the Indian Economy 1
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5/21/12
CHALLENGES
FOR THE INDIAN
ECONOPMY
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POVERTY
It is a situation in which a personis unable to get minimum basic
necessities of life, i.e.. food, clothingand shelter for his or her living. Ineconomic terms they are called
poverty ridden and are people living
below poverty line (BPL).
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POVERTY ALLEVIATIONPROGRAMMES (PAP)
PRIME MINISTER ROZGAR YOJANA(PMRY)AND SWARNAJAYANTI SHAHARI ROJGAR
YOJANA (SJSRY): Aimed at the welfare of the educated
unemployed in urban areas.
Self employment to the educatedunemployed particularly in urban areas.
The age group of 18 to 35 are expected
to benefit.
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POVERTY ALLEVIATIONPROGRAMMES (PAP)
JAWAHAR GRAM SAMRIDHI YOJANA(JGSY):
To generate employment for those menand women who do not get sufficientdays of employment in rural areas.
Creating community assets as socialforestry, soil conservation, minorirrigation projects and renovation ofvillage wells, rural roads, dispensaries,
schools, panchayat ghars, bus stands,
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UNEMPLOYMENT
A situation in which asection of people , whoare able and willing towork but do not find
gainful work is referred toas unemployed.
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TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENT:
It is a situation which more people are
engaged in an activity than the requiredones. The people who are actuallyengaged in such an activity appear tobe employed but are not fullyemployed.
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TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENT:
During off-season there is
unemployment of people engaged insuch types of work or activities whichcater to the seasonal demand.eg.agriculture in India is a seasonalactivity as it depends on monsoon.
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TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT:
The mismatch of available capital and
the size of the labour force createspersistent unemployment both inagriculture and industry. Lack ofresource to provide employment.
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OTHER TYPES OFUNEMPLOYMENT
When there is unemployment due toreduction of demand for goods, it is
referred as CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT. If unemployment occurs owing to
changes in technology, it is referred toas TECHNICAL UNEMPLOYMENT.
These types of unemployment areharmless and prevail for short durationsonly.
S G S O C
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
The government has undertaken manyspecial programes to generate
employment opportunities. The majorones among them are:
RURAL WORKS PROGRAMME:
Construction of civil works ofpermanent nature in rural areas.
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
INTEGRATED DRY LAND AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT:Permanent works like soil
conservation, development of land and
water harnessing are undertaken.
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENTPROGRAMME:
To create community assets forstrengthening rural infrastructure likedrinking water wells, community works,irrigation wells, rural roads, schools etc.
The Rural Landless EmploymentGuarantee Programme aims atgenerating gainful employment,
creating productive assets in rural areas
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
SKILL DEVELOPMENT:
a skilled labour is one who has proper
training and education to work in aparticular field.
Training and education increase the
productivity of workers. Educate and provide specialized
training to the labour force
To ensure continuous employment of
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
With a view to impart skills throughtraining, the government of India has
taken many steps.The Central Board Of Workers Education
(CBWE) formed in1958 is creatingunderstanding and enthusiasm amongworkers.
There are around 4300 IndustrialTraining Institutes(ITI) to produce
specialized workers.
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STRATEGIES TO REDUCEUNEMPLOYMENT
National Rural Employment GuaranteeAct (NREGA) which guarantees 100
days of paid employment to one personfrom every household to work on publicinfrastructure projects. Initially confinedto selected states, NREGA has been
extended throughout rural India,reaching over 34 million households in2010/11