DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL, DVC, MTPS, BANKURA, W.B

SUBJECT: ICT Class: V

STUDY MATERIALS

Ch -> 1. Know your computer

Measuring Storage Capacity

Memory unit is the amount of data that can be stored in the storage unit.

This storage capacity is expressed in terms of Bytes.

The following table explains the main memory storage units −

S.No. Unit & Description

1 Bit (Binary Digit) A binary digit is logical 0 and 1 representing a passive or an active state of a component in an electric circuit.

2 Nibble A group of 4 bits is called nibble.

3 Byte A group of 8 bits is called byte. A byte is the smallest unit, which can represent a data item or a character.

4

Word A computer word, like a byte, is a group of fixed number of bits processed as a unit, which varies from computer to computer but is fixed for each computer. The length of a computer word is called word-size or word length. It may be as small as 8 bits or may be as long as 96 bits. A computer stores the information in the form of computer words.

The following table lists some higher storage units −

S.No. Unit & Description

1 Kilobyte (KB) 1 KB = 1024 Bytes

2 Megabyte (MB) 1 MB = 1024 KB

3 GigaByte (GB) 1 GB = 1024 MB

4 TeraByte (TB) 1 TB = 1024 GB

5 PetaByte (PB) 1 PB = 1024 TB

CPU overview The picture below is an example of what the top and bottom of an

Intel Pentium processor may look. The processor is placed and secured into a compatible CPU socket found on the motherboard. Processors

produce heat, so they are covered with a heat sink to keep them cool

and running smoothly.

As seen in the picture above, the CPU chip is usually square with one

notched corner to help make sure it's properly inserted into the CPU socket. On the bottom of the chip are hundreds of connector pins

that plug into each of the corresponding holes in the socket. Today,

most CPU's resemble the picture shown above. However, Intel and AMD have also experimented with slot

processors that were much larger and slid into a slot on the

motherboard. Also, over the years, there were several types

of sockets on motherboards. Each socket only supports specific types

of processors and each has its own pin layout. What does the CPU do?

The CPU's main function is to take input from a peripheral (keyboard,

mouse, printer, etc) or computer program, and interpret what it

needs. The CPU then either outputs information to your monitor or performs the peripheral's requested task. CPU history

The CPU was first developed at Intel with the help of Ted Hoff and others in the early 1970s. The first processor released by Intel was

the 4004 processor, shown in the picture. CPU history. Components of the CPU

In the CPU, there are two primary components. ALU (arithmetic logic unit) - performs mathematical, logical, and decision operations.

CU (control unit) - directs all the processors operations.

Over the history of computer processors, the speed (clock speed) and capabilities of the processor have dramatically improved. For example,

the first microprocessor was the Intel 4004 that was released on

November 15, 1971, and had 2,300 transistors and performed 60,000 operations per second. The Intel Pentium processor has 3,300,000

transistors and performs around 188,000,000 instructions per second. Types of CPUs

In the past, computer processors used numbers to identify the processor and help identify faster processors. For example, the

Intel 80486 (486) processor is faster than the 80386 (386) processor.

After the introduction of the Intel Pentium processor (which would technically be the 80586), all computer processors started using

names like Athlon, Duron, Pentium, and Celeron.

Today, in addition to the different names of computer processors, there are different architectures (32-bit and 64-bit), speeds, and

capabilities. Below is a list of the more common types of CPUs for

home or business computers.

Assignment-1

Assignment-2

A computer is a device that accepts information (in the form of digitalized data)

and manipulates it for some result based on a program or sequence of instructions

on how the data is to be processed. Complex computers also include the means

for storing data (including the program, which is also a form of data) for some

necessary duration. A program may be invariable and built into the computer

(and called logic circuitry as it is on microprocessors) or different programs may

be provided to the computer (loaded into its storage and then started by an

administrator or user). Today's computers have both kinds of programming.

There are three kinds of lazy dogs:

Dogs that like to sleep all day

Dogs that just don't mind foxes jumping over them

Dogs that have worked hard all day and are now resting. Copy righted 2009

OpenOffice.org-Writer PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT-1

Follow the instructions below:

1. Open a blank page in Writer and type the above text. 2. Copy the last sentence Today's computers have both kinds of programming. to the

beginning of the first paragraph.

3. Change the typeface of the entire document to 11 point Verdana.

4. Change all the word occurrences of computer to workstation.

5. Change the spacing of the entire document from single spacing to 1.5.

6. Change the alignment of the entire document to Justify.

7. Set the phrases logic circuitry and microprocessors in Italic.

8. Insert a text box and move the whole paragraph into the text box.

9. Fill the text box with Blue colour.

10. Create a cover page that precedes the document. Set the title: What is a computer?

in 26 point Tahoma, Bold and Center it.

11. Align your name to the bottom right of the cover page in 12 point Tahoma.

12. Set the header as INFOL3002 Computer Applications – Open Office

Writer Lab Assignment in 10 point Tahoma.

13. Set the footer as CDP, MMU in 10 point Tahoma.

14. Save the document as: Computer.odt on the desktop.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT-2

Follow the instructions below:

1. Open a blank Writer document.

2. Use Find and Replace Command . Find ‘foxes’ with replace ‘CORONA’ 3. Use page break to type the above text on a new page.

4. Save this document as: MyFirstDoc.odt on desktop.