Ch. 4: Solutions, Acids and Bases

A Solution is a Type of Mixture

The Amount of Solute that

Dissolves can Vary

Solutions can be Acidic, Basic, or

NeutralTerms

100 100 100 100

200 200 200 200

300 300 300 300

400 400 400 400

500 500 500 500

Is the sand and water considered a mixture or a

solution?

Mixture—not the same throughtout. Parts can be be physically separated

b/c they are not chemically changed.

A ___________ is a substance that is dissolved to make a solution.

Solute

When substances in a solution are in the same physical state (solid, liquid, gas), which is the solvent?

The solvent is the substance that is present in the

greatest amount. Given that information...what would the

solvent be for the air we breathe? NITROGEN!

In a suspension, the particles are __________ than those found

in a solution.

Larger—instead of dissolving, these particles turn the

liquid cloudy.

Will the boiling point increase or decrease if we add more

solute to a solution?

Increase.

The amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at a given

temperature is known as...

Concentration

Sometimes a solution contains more dissolved solute than is normally possible. What is this

known as?

Supersaturated

________ are insoluble (will not dissolve) in water.

Oils

An increase in temperature for a solid will ___________ its

solubility.

An increase in temperature for a gas will ___________ its solubility.

Increase; decrease.

**TWO PART QUESTION

Because water is _________ and oil is ______________, their

molecules are not attracted to each other.

Polar; Nonpolar

Which of the following is NOT a proper way to test if something is an acid?

A.seeing if it reacts with a metalB.placing a few drops of solution on a

compound that contains carbonateC.Tasting it

D.Using litmus paper

C.—I’m really hoping everyone got this correct

Please name at least TWO examplesof common household bases.

Drain cleaner, soap, ammonia, alkaseltzers, baking soda,

detergent, acetone (high levels)

True or False. Numbers below 7 on the pH scale indicate basic

solutions.

False—it would indicate an acidic solution

Please explain the concept of neutralization and provide a

real-life example of this.

Neutralization: a chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to

form salt. A common example occurs when you swallow an antacid tablet to

relieve an upset stomach.

Acids ________ protons and bases _________ protons.

Donate; accept

Neutral

A __________ substance is neither an acid or a base.

What is a solution that has a low concentration of

solute.

Dilute

___________ is the amount of solute that dissolves in a

certain amount of a solvent at a given temperature and

pressure to provide a saturated solution.

Solubility

What is known as the concentration of hydrogen

ions in a solution (also measurement of the acidity)

pH

Please give me an example of something with a pH level of 6.5 (remember, this is pretty close to

being neutral!)

Milk