Upload
abel-brooks
View
215
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CH 2 CH 2EUROPE’S HIGH
MIDDLE AGESEUROPE’S HIGH
MIDDLE AGES
THE BATTLE OF HASTINGSTHE BATTLE OF HASTINGS 1066 ce For the throne of England
The Bayeux Tapestry Propaganda bias
1066 ce For the throne of England
The Bayeux Tapestry Propaganda bias WILLIAM VS HAROLD
THE FEUDAL SYSTEMTHE FEUDAL SYSTEM
Based on the three “F”s Fief - land Fealty- loyalty Faith - religion
The Feudal Contract A series of obligations to each other bonded by an
“Oath of Allegiance.” The monarch parcelled out blocks of land.
Based on the three “F”s Fief - land Fealty- loyalty Faith - religion
The Feudal Contract A series of obligations to each other bonded by an
“Oath of Allegiance.” The monarch parcelled out blocks of land.
MEDIEVAL HIERARCHYMEDIEVAL HIERARCHY
MONARCH (King)
GREATER NOBLES(Barons)
LESSER NOBLES
MINOR NOBLES
COMMONERS(Serfs/Freeholders)
THE MANORTHE MANOR
KEY TERMS Self-sufficient - mills, tannery,
bakehouse,well, blacksmith,church. Sustainable Lord’s demesne Bailiffs Three field system Fallow
KEY TERMS Self-sufficient - mills, tannery,
bakehouse,well, blacksmith,church. Sustainable Lord’s demesne Bailiffs Three field system Fallow
ORDINARY PEOPLEORDINARY PEOPLE
Serfs and freeholders did much of the work but had the least.
Serfs donated 2-3 days/week labour.5000 calories/day => bread & beer.Small homes with dirt floor and 1 room.No power or water and little furniture.Hard lives - men, woman and child
worked.
Serfs and freeholders did much of the work but had the least.
Serfs donated 2-3 days/week labour.5000 calories/day => bread & beer.Small homes with dirt floor and 1 room.No power or water and little furniture.Hard lives - men, woman and child
worked.
LORD AND LADY OF THE MANOR
LORD AND LADY OF THE MANOR
Lived well in comparison but still a simple life. Had many privileges - servants, falcons,
horses, troubadours, furniture. Obligations - provide knights, to marry and
have children(marriage = power, not love), provide the necessities.
Boys were a priority - the land went to the eldest son. Women had few rights. Widows maintained land
many refused to remarry.
Lived well in comparison but still a simple life. Had many privileges - servants, falcons,
horses, troubadours, furniture. Obligations - provide knights, to marry and
have children(marriage = power, not love), provide the necessities.
Boys were a priority - the land went to the eldest son. Women had few rights. Widows maintained land
many refused to remarry.
BELIEF AND DEVOTIONBELIEF AND DEVOTION
Almost all Western Europeans were Christians.
People would be judged after death. Heaven or Hell ?!?!
No important event could proceed without God’s blessing.
Their place in society was all part of God’s plan.
Almost all Western Europeans were Christians.
People would be judged after death. Heaven or Hell ?!?!
No important event could proceed without God’s blessing.
Their place in society was all part of God’s plan.
THE CHURCHTHE CHURCH Christians could only practice
through the church. The worst thing that could happen
was to be excommunicated.Seven Deadly Sins - (pride, anger,
envy, greed, lust, gluttony, & sloth) The church had considerable
power – even monarchs. The church collected tithes.
10% of incomeSome clergy became very wealthy
Christians could only practice through the church.
The worst thing that could happen was to be excommunicated.Seven Deadly Sins - (pride, anger,
envy, greed, lust, gluttony, & sloth) The church had considerable
power – even monarchs. The church collected tithes.
10% of incomeSome clergy became very wealthy
MEDIEVAL LAWMEDIEVAL LAWTrial by Ordeal & Trial by Battle
God would determine innocenceManor Courts- settled minor
disputes usually to do with farming or property.
Royal Courts – dealt with serious crimes such as murder, treason, rape and burglary. Used common law.
Church Courts – tried the clergy. Usually gave out lighter sentences.
Trial by Ordeal & Trial by Battle God would determine innocence
Manor Courts- settled minor disputes usually to do with farming or property.
Royal Courts – dealt with serious crimes such as murder, treason, rape and burglary. Used common law.
Church Courts – tried the clergy. Usually gave out lighter sentences.
MEDIEVAL GEOGRAPHYMEDIEVAL GEOGRAPHY Most were uneducated
and knew very little of the world.
Journeys were dangerous and outlaws were common.
T-O maps placed Jerusalem at the center of the map.
Marco Polo Silk Road - China
Most were uneducated and knew very little of the world.
Journeys were dangerous and outlaws were common.
T-O maps placed Jerusalem at the center of the map.
Marco Polo Silk Road - China
THE CRUSADESTHE CRUSADES
European Christians fought the Muslims for control over the Holy Land (Palestine) Seven crusades in total.
Reasons to fight – place in heaven, wealth, land, adventure, excitement. Results – new ideas brought home, trade, knowledge, further exploration.
European Christians fought the Muslims for control over the Holy Land (Palestine) Seven crusades in total.
Reasons to fight – place in heaven, wealth, land, adventure, excitement. Results – new ideas brought home, trade, knowledge, further exploration.
ROYAL POWER AND DEMOCRACYROYAL POWER AND DEMOCRACY
By custom the monarch had power.
The Feudal Code kept him honest to the Barons who would attack if corrupt.
A time when family honour was of great importance.
By custom the monarch had power.
The Feudal Code kept him honest to the Barons who would attack if corrupt.
A time when family honour was of great importance.
ELEANOR OF AQUITAINEELEANOR OF AQUITAINE
Most famous woman in Europe. Queen of both France and England. Fought in crusades and promoted women’s
rights – both uncommon. Spent 16 yrs. in prison.
treason against her husband. her sons included Richard the Lion-Hearted and King John I.
Most famous woman in Europe. Queen of both France and England. Fought in crusades and promoted women’s
rights – both uncommon. Spent 16 yrs. in prison.
treason against her husband. her sons included Richard the Lion-Hearted and King John I.
KING JOHN – The Robin Hood villainKING JOHN – The Robin Hood villain
Lost the people’s support when fought with the Pope. Excommunicated the King and
placed England under an interdict (no religious ceremonies).
Broke Feudal Code with Barons.
Raised taxes and hired army to fight his own people.
The people rebelled and forced him to sign the Magna Carta The first step towards democracy.
Lost the people’s support when fought with the Pope. Excommunicated the King and
placed England under an interdict (no religious ceremonies).
Broke Feudal Code with Barons.
Raised taxes and hired army to fight his own people.
The people rebelled and forced him to sign the Magna Carta The first step towards democracy.