CH. 13 THE ATMOSPHERE

Mrs. Samsa

The condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place

Temperatu

re

Thermal e

nergy

Climate

Weath

er

13%

67%

13%7%

1. Temperature2. Thermal energy3. Climate4. Weather

Earth’s atmosphere consists of all of the following except:

Nitr

ogen

Carbon dioxide

Potassium

Oxyg

en

Wate

r Vapor

Argon

0% 0%

14%

0%0%

86%1. Nitrogen2. Carbon dioxide3. Potassium4. Oxygen5. Water Vapor6. Argon

Air has all of the following except

Grav

ity M

ass

Densit

y

Pressu

re

73%

0%7%

20%

1. Gravity2. Mass3. Density4. Pressure

The amount of ______ in the air varies greatly from place to place.

Carbon dioxide

Nitr

ogen

Wate

r vap

or

Oxyg

en

13%20%

60%

7%

1. Carbon dioxide2. Nitrogen3. Water vapor4. Oxygen

The force of the weight of a column of air pushing on an area is called

Convection cu

rrents

Air pre

ssure

Grav

ity

Newto

ns

0%7%

13%

80%1. Convection currents

2. Air pressure3. Gravity4. Newtons

The air that surrounds us and that we breathe has the greatest percentage of . . .

Oxyg

en

Nitr

ogen

Ozo

ne

Carbon dioxide

Wate

r vap

or

Meth

ane

33%

47%

0%0%

20%

0%

1. Oxygen2. Nitrogen3. Ozone4. Carbon dioxide5. Water vapor6. Methane

An instrument that is used to measure air pressure

Thermometer

Anemometer

Barometer

Psych

rometer

0% 0%

93%

7%

1. Thermometer2. Anemometer3. Barometer4. Psychrometer

As altitude increases . . .

Air pre

ssure

incre

ases

Molecu

les get c

loser t

og...

Densit

y incre

ases

Air pre

ssure

decrease

s

20%

53%

20%

7%

1. Air pressure increases2. Molecules get closer

together3. Density increases4. Air pressure decreases

Scientists divide Earth’s atmosphere into four main layers according to

Changes in te

mperatu

re

Changes in co

lor

Changes in amount o

f w...

Changes in gr

avity

80%

13%7%

0%

1. Changes in temperature

2. Changes in color3. Changes in amount

of water vapor4. Changes in gravity

Which of the following is in the correct order?

Thermosp

here, m

esosp

h...

Troposp

here, stra

tosp

her..

Strato

sphere

, meso

spher..

Troposp

here, meso

spher..

7% 7%0%

87%

1. Thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere, ionosphere, exosphere.

2. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, exosphere.

3. Stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, ionosphere, exosphere, thermosphere.

4. Troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, ionosphere

In this layer, electrically charged particles create amazing light displays called auroras.

Exosp

here

Meso

sphere

Thermosp

here

Ionosp

here

Strato

sphere

Troposp

here

0%

21%

7%

14%

50%

7%

1. Exosphere2. Mesosphere3. Thermosphere4. Ionosphere5. Stratosphere6. Troposphere

The ozone layer can be found in the

Troposp

here

Meso

sphere

Thermosp

here

Strato

sphere

Ionosp

here

Exosp

here

7%

0%

7%

0%

79%

7%

1. Troposphere2. Mesosphere3. Thermosphere4. Stratosphere 5. Ionosphere6. Exosphere

In this layer, our weather occurs and most commercial airplanes travel.

Meso

sphere

Troposp

here

Thermosp

here

Ionosp

here

Exosp

here

Strato

sphere

13%

80%

7%0%0%0%

1. Mesosphere2. Troposphere3. Thermosphere4. Ionosphere 5. Exosphere6. Stratosphere

The coldest layer of the atmosphere is

Troposp

here

Meso

sphere

Thermosp

here

Strato

sphere

Ionosp

here

Exosp

here

13%

33%

13%

0%

7%

33%1. Troposphere2. Mesosphere3. Thermosphere4. Stratosphere5. Ionosphere6. Exosphere

Meteoroids burn up and look like shooting stars in the . . .

Exosp

here

Ionosp

here

Thermosp

here

Meso

sphere

Strato

sphere

Troposp

here

7% 7%

0%

36%

50%

0%

1. Exosphere2. Ionosphere3. Thermosphere4. Mesosphere5. Stratosphere6. Troposphere

Which is not something that would happen if our ozone layer disappeared?

People would get s

kin c...

Plants and anim

als woul...

Visible lig

ht would disa

...

People would get h

orribl...

53%

7%

27%

13%

1. People would get skin cancer.

2. Plants and animals would get sun burned or negatively affected by UV Rays.

3. Visible light would disappear.

4. People would get horrible sun burns.

Air moves in large circular patterns because of

Convection cu

rrents

Conduction cu

rrents

Pressu

re belts

Trade winds

The greenhouse

effect

60%

7% 7%

20%

7%

1. Convection currents

2. Conduction currents

3. Pressure belts4. Trade winds5. The greenhouse

effect

What causes differences in air pressure around the Earth?

Warm

air sinks a

t the e...

Cold air sinks a

t the equ...

Warm

air rise

s at t

he eq...

Cold air rise

s at t

he equa...

0% 0%

69%

31%

1. Warm air sinks at the equator and cold air rises at the poles.

2. Cold air sinks at the equator and warm air rises at the poles

3. Warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles.

4. Cold air rises at the equator and warm air sinks at the poles.

Temperature can reach up to 1800 degrees C but there is not much heat because the molecules are so far apart in the …

Exosp

here

Ionosp

here

Meso

sphere

Strato

sphere

Troposp

here

Thermosp

here

29%

0%

50%

0%

14%

7%

1. Exosphere2. Ionosphere3. Mesosphere4. Stratosphere5. Troposphere6. Thermosphere

Where is air pressure the greatest?

Strato

sphere

Thermosp

here

Ionosp

here

Meso

sphere

Troposp

here

Exosp

here

13%

7%

13%

67%

0%0%

1. Stratosphere2. Thermosphere3. Ionosphere4. Mesosphere5. Troposphere6. Exosphere

The ozone layer protects us from . . .

Infra

red ra

diation

Electr

omagnetic w

aves

Visible lig

ht

Ultr

aviolet light

Heat w

aves

7%0%

13%

80%

0%

1. Infrared radiation2. Electromagnetic

waves3. Visible light4. Ultraviolet light5. Heat waves

The layer of the atmosphere that contains most of the mass is the

Exo

sphere

Meso

sphere

Thermosp

here

Ionosp

here

Troposp

here

Strato

sphere

13%

0%

40%

27%

0%

20%

1. Exosphere2. Mesosphere3. Thermosphere4. Ionosphere5. Troposphere6. Stratosphere

The layer where GPS and TV satellites and space shuttles orbit is the . . .

Thermosp

here

Strato

sphere

Meso

sphere

Ionosp

here

Exosp

here

Troposp

here

27%

13%

7%

20%

7%

27%

1. Thermosphere2. Stratosphere3. Mesosphere4. Ionosphere5. Exosphere6. Troposphere

Energy travels to Earth as . . .

Electr

omagnetic w

aves

Convection cu

rrents

Ionic

waves

Seism

ic wave

s

100%

0%0%0%

1. Electromagnetic waves

2. Convection currents

3. Ionic waves4. Seismic waves

Infrared radiation are ______ waves that have wavelengths that are _______ than visible light

Heat, s

horter

Convection, lo

nger

UV, s

horter

Heat, l

onger

Convection, s

horter

47%

0%

7%

47%

0%

1. Heat, shorter2. Convection,

longer3. UV, shorter4. Heat, longer5. Convection,

shorter

Ultraviolet light is a(an) _________ form of energy with wavelengths that are ______ than visible light.

Conduction, s

horter

Radiation, longer

Invisi

ble, shorte

r

Heat, l

onger

Invisi

ble, longe

r

Convection, lo

nger

7%

33%

0%

27%

0%

33%1. Conduction,

shorter2. Radiation, longer3. Invisible, shorter4. Heat, longer5. Invisible, longer6. Convection,

longer

The process where dust-size particles and gases in the atmosphere dispense light in all directions is called . . .

Scatterin

g

Diff

raction

Refracti

on

Reflection

Absorp

tion

Convection

100%

0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Scattering2. Diffraction3. Refraction4. Reflection5. Absorption6. Convection

The sky looks blue because of ______ which happens to short blue wavelengths more than long red wavelengths.

Reflection

Diff

raction

Absorp

tion

Scatterin

g

60%

20%20%

0%

1. Reflection2. Diffraction3. Absorption4. Scattering

A natural process which keeps Earth at a comfortable temperature is called . .

Global w

arming

Global c

limate ch

ange

Gre

enhouse effect

Hole in

ozone la

yer

Conduction ce

lls

13%

0% 0%0%

87%1. Global warming2. Global climate

change3. Greenhouse effect4. Hole in ozone

layer5. Conduction cells

70% of the energy that reaches the troposphere is ____ by land, water and the atmosphere.

Scattere

d

Reflected

Diff

racted

Absorb

ed

Radiated

0%

33%

7%

60%

0%

1. Scattered2. Reflected3. Diffracted4. Absorbed5. Radiated

Humans may put more gases like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor in the atmosphere which will increase ___ and could lead to ___

Global w

arming, th

e gr...

The greenhouse

effect, a...

Pollution, th

e Coriolis

ef...

The greenhouse

effect, ...

27%

53%

0%

20%

1. Global warming, the greenhouse effect

2. The greenhouse effect, a hole in the ozone layer

3. Pollution, the Coriolis effect

4. The greenhouse effect, global warming

Local and global winds are caused by

Unequal h

eating of E

arth..

Unequal a

mount of g

re...

Unequal te

mperature

s in...

Unequal d

ensity in

the l..

.

57%

14%7%

21%

1. Unequal heating of Earth’s surface

2. Unequal amount of greenhouse gases

3. Unequal temperatures in the layers of the atmosphere

4. Unequal density in the layers of the atmosphere

The total amount of energy of motion in the particles of a substance is called . . .

Temperatu

re

Climate

Thermal e

nergy

Conduction

0%

40%

60%

0%

1. Temperature2. Climate3. Thermal energy4. Conduction

The average amount of energy of motion of each particle in a substance is called . . .

Climate

Thermal e

nergy

Weath

er H

eat

Temperatu

re

21%

14%

43%

21%

0%

1. Climate2. Thermal energy3. Weather4. Heat5. Temperature

The tea in a pot has _____ thermal energy than tea in a cup even though the temperature is the same because it has _______

More

, less

mass

More

, more

mass

Less,

less

mass

Less,

more m

ass

More

, gre

ater d

ensity

Less,

lesse

r densit

y

47% 47%

0%

7%

0%0%

1. More, less mass2. More, more mass3. Less, less mass4. Less, more mass5. More, greater

density6. Less, lesser

density

Transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact is

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Thermal w

aves

Convection cu

rrents

60%

27%

0%7%7%

1. Conduction2. Convection3. Radiation4. Thermal waves5. Convection

currents

The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquids and gases) is

Electr

omagnetic w

aves

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Coriolis

effect

0%7%

0%0%

93%1. Electromagnetic

waves2. Conduction3. Convection4. Radiation5. Coriolis effect

The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is . . .

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Thermal e

nergy

Temperatu

re

Climate

7%

13%

0%

7%7%

67%1. Conduction2. Convection3. Radiation4. Thermal energy5. Temperature6. Climate

____ works well in metals, but air and water do not transfer heat well by this method.

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Insu

lation

60%

13%7%

20%

1. Conduction2. Convection3. Radiation4. Insulation

The fact that your basement is cooler in the summer than your attic is because of . . .

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Thermal e

nergy

The Coriolis

effect

13%

33%

0%

47%

7%

1. Conduction2. Convection3. Radiation4. Thermal energy5. The Coriolis effect

In the troposphere most of the heat transferred is by . . .

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Ultr

aviolet radiati

on

Visible lig

ht

0%

29%

0%

50%

21%

1. Conduction2. Convection3. Radiation4. Ultraviolet

radiation5. Visible light

The movement of air from areas of high pressure to low pressure is called

Convection cu

rrents

Wind

Air pre

ssure

Windch

ill facto

r

Coriolis

Effect

60%

7%0%

13%20%

1. Convection currents

2. Wind3. Air pressure4. Windchill factor5. Coriolis Effect

The instrument used to measure wind speed is …

Windmete

r

Windch

ill facto

r

Thermometer

Barometer

Wind va

ne

Anemometer

0% 0%

86%

14%

0%0%

1. Windmeter2. Windchill factor3. Thermometer4. Barometer5. Wind vane6. Anemometer

During the day, the land heats up faster (low pressure), water is cooler (high pressure) so . . .

Wind blows f

rom se

a to ...

Wind blows f

rom se

a to...

Wind blows f

rom la

nd to...

Wind blows f

rom la

nd t...

13%

7%

40%40%1. Wind blows from sea to land (land breeze)

2. Wind blows from sea to land (sea breeze)

3. Wind blows from land to sea (land breeze)

4. Wind blows from land to sea (sea breeze)

During the night, land cools down faster, water is warmer, so …

Wind blows f

rom se

a to...

Wind blows f

rom se

a to ...

Wind blows f

rom la

nd t...

Wind blows f

rom la

nd to...

7%

53%

13%

27%

1. Wind blows from sea to land (sea breeze)

2. Wind blows from sea to land (land breeze)

3. Wind blows from land to sea (sea breeze)

4. Wind blows from land to sea (land breeze)

Which of the following are not global wind belts?

Doldru

m

Horse

latitu

de

South

ern cu

rrents

Trade winds

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Polar easte

rlies

29%

7%

0%

7%

0%

57%1. Doldrum2. Horse latitude3. Southern currents4. Trade winds5. Prevailing

westerlies6. Polar easterlies

A global wind belt with calm winds at 30O north and south is

Doldru

ms

Horse

latitu

des

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Polar easte

rlies

Trade winds

Land breeze

36%

43%

0%

7%7%7%

1. Doldrums2. Horse latitudes3. Prevailing

westerlies4. Polar easterlies5. Trade winds6. Land breeze

A calm area where warm air rises and there is little to no wind at the equator is . . .

Polar easte

rlies

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Doldru

ms

Horse

latitu

des

Trade winds

0%

44%

0%0%

56%1. Polar easterlies2. Prevailing

westerlies3. Doldrums4. Horse latitudes5. Trade winds

In the Northern hemisphere, global winds turn clockwise and in the Southern hemisphere they turn counterclockwise because of …

Polar easte

rlies

The greenhouse

effect

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Doldru

ms

Horse

latitu

des

The Coriolis

effect

18%

0%

45%

9%

18%

9%

1. Polar easterlies2. The greenhouse

effect3. Prevailing

westerlies4. Doldrums5. Horse latitudes6. The Coriolis effect

Winds blowing from 30 degrees to the equator, that blow from E to W, are

Polar easte

rlies

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Doldru

ms

Horse

latitu

des

Trade winds

8%

25%

42%

25%

0%

1. Polar easterlies2. Prevailing

westerlies3. Doldrums4. Horse latitudes5. Trade winds

Winds between 30Oand 60O N and S and bring most of USA weather are

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Polar easte

rlies

Trade winds

Doldru

ms

Horse

latitu

des

55%

0%

9%

0%

36%

1. Prevailing westerlies

2. Polar easterlies3. Trade winds4. Doldrums5. Horse latitudes

Winds blowing from 90O to 60O N and S that blow from E to W

Polar easte

rlies

Preva

iling w

esterlie

s

Trade winds

Horse

latitu

de

Sea bre

ezes

Doldru

ms

57%

0% 0%

14%14%14%

1. Polar easterlies2. Prevailing

westerlies3. Trade winds4. Horse latitude5. Sea breezes6. Doldrums

Our atmosphere is a ___ because events in one part of the atmosphere affect other parts of the atmosphere

Proce

ss

Model

Syste

m Cycle

0%

21%

79%

0%

1. Process2. Model3. System4. Cycle