CEOS Systems Engineering Office (SEO)Status Report

CEOS WGCV and WGISS MeetingSanya, China

Dr. L. DeWayne Cecil

Senior Science Advisor SEO

Dr. Brian KilloughDirector SEO

February 25-29, 2008

CEOS SEO Background

68 member countries

Created in 198446 members

CEOS Systems Engineering Office (SEO)NASA LaRC was asked to lead the systems engineering effort in early 2007. The SEO was established in April 2007 to support the CEOS SIT, CEOS Constellation Teams and CEOS Working Groups.

SEO Charter- systems engineering framework- requirements definition- mission assessment and studies- constellation architecture planning- foster communication within CEOS

CEOS ConstellationsSupport four constellation created in 2006 to bring about technical and scientific cooperation and collaboration among space agencies.

Atmospheric Composition Cx

Ocean Topography Cx

Working Groups, x3

Global Precipitation Cx

Land Surface Imaging Cx

Ad Hoc Task Forces

CEOS Systems Engineering Office

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

Atmospheric Composition Cx

Ocean Topography Cx

Working Groups, x3

Global Precipitation Cx

Land Surface Imaging Cx

Ad Hoc Task Forces

CEOS Systems Engineering Office

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

SystemEngineering

CEOS SEO 2007 Accomplishments

CEOS General Support• Introduced a systems engineering framework to facilitate

requirements definition and validation (next chart). • Conducted an assessment of the GEO Societal Benefit Area

(SBA) observational requirements (on going effort, 294 ORs).• Produced a CEOS video to support the November CEOS Plenary

and the December GEO Summit meetings. Distributed over 300 DVD’s globally. Copies are available at this meeting.

• Initiated and now maintain a CEOS file server to support internal CEOS info management and the Cx teams (over 50 users). Contact SEO for more information about use and access.

CEOS Constellation (Cx) Team Support• Tracked and funded several constellation projects

including a Fire/Smoke Aerosol Project (Jack Fishman, LaRC) and an Atmospheric Composition assessment and gap analysis (Jolyon Reburn, Rutherford Appleton Lab).

• Participated and supported planning of several Cx Workshops, developed draft system requirements and work plans, performed assessments, and facilitated communication with CEOS leaders and CEOS Cx teams.

• Performed a coverage assessment for the Land Surface Imaging (LSI) Constellation addressing Landsat, Sentinel and Rapid-Eye capabilities.

An Evolving “System” Framework for GEOSS

SocietalBenefits

UsefulProducts

Science and

Algorithm

development

MeasurableParameters

MissionConstraints

Information products &

services

Decision Makers

Knowledge & Models

Measurements

Instruments and Missions

Requirements Assessment

Constellation Architectures

Working Group on Education

WGEdu

Working Group on Information

Systems and ServicesWGISS

Working Group on Calibration and Validation

WGCV

A systematic approach to space-based

implementation of GEOSS for societal benefit

SEO Vision

Completed a 14-minute narrated video for CEOS in November 2007.  The video illustrates how current and future international satellite constellations can collectively observe the land, oceans, precipitation, and atmosphere of the Earth, for the benefit of society.   It presents results from remote sensing of volcanic eruptions, tropical deforestation, biomass burning, smoke dispersion, greenhouse gases, floods, hurricanes, and rising sea levels.  DVD’s were distributed at the CEOS Plenary and GEO (Group on Earth Observation) Plenary meetings.

Committee on Earth Observation Satellites

Land Surface ImagingLand Surface Imaging Atmospheric CompositionAtmospheric Composition Oceans & PrecipitationOceans & Precipitation

Virtual ConstellationsVirtual Constellations

Data & Ground SystemsData & Ground Systems International CooperationInternational Cooperation Societal Impact / BenefitsSocietal Impact / Benefits

Atmospheric Composition Constellation

SBA Impact Assessment and Mission Architecture Assessment System Requirements

Document using the SEO framework

Helping to organize the ACC Climate Workshop to be held in the May 2008 timeframe at GISS/DC

Fire/Smoke Aerosol Project led by Jack Fishman (NASA LaRC) utilizing CALIPSO data

Climate

Disasters

Health

Energy

Biodiversity

Ocean Surface Topography Constellation

Societal Benefit ImpactOST System Requirements Document using the SEO framework

Mission Organization92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

TOPEX/ Poseidon

CNES, NASA * *

ERS-2 ESA * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

GFO NOAA, LSA, US

Navy* *

Jason-1 CNES, NASA * * * * * * * *

ENVISAT ESA, Canada * * * *

Jason-2 NASA, NOAA,

CNES, EUMETSAT

Cryosat-2 ESA

HY-2A CNSA, SOA

SARAL ISRO, CNES

Sentinel-3A ESA

Jason-3 EUMETSAT,

NOAA, EC, ESA, CNES

Wide-swath: SWOT/ WATER

HM?

NASA, CNES, others TBD

* Extended Mission Life

Fu

ture

Cu

rre

nt

Pla

nn

ed

/ A

pp

rove

d

OST Constellation Mission Architecture

Climate DataRecord

Continuity

Cu

rren

tFu

nd

ed

Fu

ture

12/26/2005

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Per

cen

t C

ove

rag

e

Land Surface Imaging Constellation

Land Imaging Study: Investigated coverage capability for Landsat-7, Rapid-Eye and Sentinel-2 considering cloud interference. Results will be used by the Land Imaging Constellation team and USGS to determine architecture approaches for the future.

Preliminary results suggest technological advancements of Rapid-Eye have great cost benefit and orbit approach for Sentinel has great land coverage benefit.

Report is already being used to support post-LDCM planning and potential international collaborations for future land imaging.

Land Imaging Opportunities in Cloud Contour Map

Preliminary report delivered in Nov 07. Future report (2008) will include Preliminary report delivered in Nov 07. Future report (2008) will include enhanced cloud cover models and the addition of LDCM.enhanced cloud cover models and the addition of LDCM.

Cloudless Clouds Loss

Landsat 7 42% 10% 32%

RapidEye 59% 4% 55%Sentinel 2 94% 15% 79%

RapidEye – 5-day Repeat Coverage Interval

RapidEye – 5-day Cloud Constrained Coverage Interval

SEO Task Summary for 2008

Support CEOS SIT with the CEOS/GEO Remapping:• SIT workshop planned on Feb 20-22.• Develop a web-based tool for documenting / tracking actions with query and download capability.• Map instruments and missions against actions and perform impact and gap analyses.

Support Constellations and Working Groups:• Develop system requirements, perform studies and assessments, and support architecture

planning• Initiate work with WGCV, WGISS, WGEdu, and other relevant groups.

Facilitate communications (CEOS groups and external) • Upgrade CEOS website to include new CEOS/GEO Remapping link, CEOS Constellation and

Working Groups, updated CEOS contact information, and SEO content.

Complete requirements definition, assessment and gap analysis for the Climate SBA, and others, if possible.

• Define detailed requirements for Climate using the Essential Climate Variables (ECV). Include informational products, science/models and measurements according to the SEO taxonomy.

• Map measurements, instruments and missions to the requirements and perform an initial assessment and gap analysis.

• Coordinate work with the SBA Climate Lead (Mitch Goldberg), GCOS leaders (Paul Mason and Stephan Bojinski), and the CEOS Working Groups.

GEO Document and CEOS Action Traceability

GEOGroup on Earth Observations

GEOSSGlobal Earth Observation

System of Systems

GCOSGlobal Climate

Observing System

CEOSCommittee on Earth Observing Satellites

GEO 2007-2009Work Plan

39 Continuing32 New

GEOSS 10-YearImplementation Plan

Feb-2005

107 (2-year)82 (6-year)52 (10-year)

GCOSImplementation PlanOct-2004, GCOS-92

24 Key Actions32 Atmosphere41 Ocean37 Terrestrial21 Cross-Cutting

28 Essential Climate Variables (ECVs)

CEOSImplementation Plan

Oct-2007

CEOS Response to the GCOS

Implementation PlanSep-2006

59 TotalActions

32 (2-year)28 (6-year)18 (10-year)

Systematic Observational Requirements for Satellite-Based Products for Climate

Sep-2006, GCOS-107

12 Atmosphere19 Ocean6 Terrestrial22 Cross-Cutting

155 TotalActions

78 TotalTargets

241 TotalTargets

71 TotalTasks

SIT “Remapping”

294 Observational Requirements (ORs)

SPACE

SPACE

GLOBAL

SPACE

GLOBAL

SEO Study Capabilities

• SEO has Systems Engineering expertise in the development of system requirements (SBA’s, information products, science modeling, measurements, instrument, missions) for systems architecture gap assessment and planning.

• SEO has expertise in the development of “Campaign Analysis” models including value models, and probabilistic cost and schedule uncertainty.

• SEO has expertise in Satellite Tool Kit (STK) orbit analyses for performing trade studies of mission orbits and architecture planning.

• SEO has a license for the US Air Force Combat Climatology Center (AFCCC) data record that contains many geophysical data parameters systems analysis studies.

Geophysical: Global, 2.5 deg spatial, 6-hour temporal, 1950-2006:- High,Med,Low Cloud Base, Cloud Cover and Cloud Type- Precipitation Rates and Types, Ice Cover, Surface Temp, Ground Wetness- Wind Direction and Wind Speed (10-1000 hPa, 10m)

Regional, 40-km spatial, 1-hour temporal, 1950-2006- Thunderstorm Probability (surface), Wind Gust Speed (surface)

Oceanographic: Global, 0.25-deg, 1-day temporal, 1993-2004 (Depth, Salinity, Water Temp) Global, 1-deg, 3-hr temporal, 1993-2002 (Wave Direction, Period and Height)

Proposed CEOS Website Architecture

CEOSCommittee on Earth Observing Satellites

CEOSContact Information

NASA Content MgmtJAXA host

CEOSConstellations

andWorking Groups

CEOSAction Tracking

CEOS LeadershipConstellationsWorking GroupsSBA TeamsSEO

Atmospheric Composition (AC)Land Surface Imaging (LSI)PrecipitationOcean Surface Topography (OST)Calibration/Validation (WGCV)Info Systems and Services (WGISS)Education (WGEdu)New Constellations ???

CEOSSystems Engineering

(SEO)

GEO Tasks (71)CEOS Targets (78)-futureReportsQueriesSEO Gap Assessments

File ServerCx System RequirementsSBA/GEOSS RequirementsCx Studies and AssessmentsList of ServicesNewsletters

Update

28 total ECVs - space-based measurable atmospheric, ocean and terrestrial parameters including TWO “Reanalysis” ECV’s (A8 and O6) for Oceans and Atmosphere.

A. AtmosphereA.1 Surface Wind Speed

and DirectionA.2 Upper-air TemperatureA.3 Water VaporA.4 Cloud propertiesA.5 PrecipitationA.6 Earth Radiation BudgetA.7 OzoneA.8 Atmospheric Reanalysis

(multiple ECVs)A.9 Aerosols

A.10 CO2, CH4 and other Greenhouse Gases

A.11 Upper-air Wind

O. OceansO.1 Sea IceO.2 Sea LevelO.3 Sea Surface

TemperatureO.4 Ocean ColorO.5 Sea StateO.6 Ocean Reanalysis

(Multiple ECVs)O.7 Ocean Salinity

T. TerrestrialT.1 LakesT.2 Glaciers and Ice Caps,

and Ice SheetsT.3 Snow CoverT.4 AlbedoT.5 Land CoverT.6 fAPAR

(Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation)

T.7 LAI (Leaf Area Index)T.8 BiomassT.9 Fire DisturbanceT.10 Soil moisture

Essential Climate Variables (ECV)

Example Requirements: Climate (Ocean Domain)

Information products &

services

Decision Makers

Knowledge & Models

Measurements

Instruments and Missions

Policies for coastal population growthDisaster plans for hurricane floodingWater usage restrictions Initiatives impacting global warming

Sea Level (Sea Surface Height – SSH)Sea Surface Temperature (SST)Sea State (surface winds, wave information)

ECVs – Essential Climate Variables

Instruments Radar Altimeter (Sea Level) Synthetic Aperture Radar (Sea State) Wind Scatterometer (Sea State) Imager (Sea Surface Temperature)

Missions TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason 1,2,3 (high precision) ERS-2, ENVISAT (in orbit, complementary) Cryosat-2, HY-2A, SARAL, Sentinel-3A, SWOT (future)

Sea Level Rise ModelsClimate Models (Global Warming, El Nino and La Nina)Hurricane, Flood, Drought ModelsStream Flow and Water Storage Models

Forecasts (mean sea level, storm surge level)Warnings (hurricane, flood, drought)Maps (hurricane storm surge, stream flow, water storage)

SEO Contributions to Climate

• Assess the ECV parameters and identify missing parameters or inconsistencies between GEOSS, GCOS and CEOS documentation.- Example: ECV’s relate to 33 of the 36 (92%) GEOSS 10-yr Plan Climate SBA Observational Requirements.- Example: Missing “Terrestrial Reanalysis”

• Using the “systems framework” determine relevant informational products and science models.

• Perform assessments and gap analyses of measurements and missions for each ECV.

• Engage CEOS Working Groups, GEO Climate SBA lead, GCOS in developing requirements and reviewing assessments.

Contact Information

•Brian Killough, SEO Director – NASA LaRCPhone: 757-864-7047 Email: Brian.D.Killough@nasa.gov

•L. DeWayne Cecil, SEO Senior Science Advisor – NASA Langley SEO and USGS – Idaho National Laboratory, USA, Phone: 208-528-2611 Email: ldcecil@usgs.gov